commitとは

語源

Borrowed from Latin committere (“to bring together, join, compare, commit (a wrong), incur, give in charge, etc.”), from com (“together”) + mittere (“to send”). See mission.

発音

• IPA^(key): /kəˈmɪt/
• 韻: -ɪt
• ハイフネーション: com‧mit

動詞

commit (三人称単数 現在形 commits, 現在分詞 committing, 過去形および過去分詞形 committed)

1. To give in trust; to put into charge or keeping; to entrust; to consign; — used with to, unto.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Bible, Psalms xxxvii. 5

     Commit thy way unto the Lord.

   • c. 1590, William Shakespeare, Titus Andronicus, quoted in 1594, Act V, scene 3:

     Bid him farewell, commit him to the grave.

2. To put in charge of a jailer; to imprison.
   • (Can we date this quote?) Clarendon

     These two were committed.

3. (transitive) to have enter an establishment, such as a hospital or asylum, as a patient

   Tony should be committed to a nuthouse!

4. To do (something bad); to perpetrate, as a crime, sin, or fault.

   to commit murder

   to commit a series of heinous crimes

   • (Can we date this quote?) Bible, Exodus xx. 4

     Thou shalt not commit adultery.

5. To join a contest; to match; followed by with.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Dr. H. More to this entry?)

6. To pledge or bind; to compromise, expose, or endanger by some decisive act or preliminary step. (Traditionally used only reflexively but now also without oneself etc.)^[1]

   to commit oneself to a certain action

   to commit to a relationship

   • (Can we date this quote?) Junius

     You might have satisfied every duty of political friendship, without committing the honour of your sovereign.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Marshall

     Any sudden assent to the proposal […] might possibly be considered as committing the faith of the United States.

7. (computing) To make a set of changes permanent.
8. (obsolete, Latinism) To confound.
   • (Can we date this quote?) John Milton

     committing short and long [quantities]

9. (obsolete, intransitive) To commit an offence; especially, to fornicate.
   • 1603, John Florio, transl.; Michel de Montaigne, The Essayes, […], printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
     , II.12:

     the sonne might one day bee found committing with his mother […].

   • (Can we date this quote?) William Shakespeare

     Commit not with man's sworn spouse.

10. (obsolete, intransitive) To be committed or perpetrated; to take place; to occur.
    • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

      As a vast herd of cows in a rich farmer's yard, if, while they are milked, they hear their calves at a distance, lamenting the robbery which is then committing, roar and bellow; so roared forth the Somersetshire mob an hallaloo, made up of almost as many squalls, screams, and other different sounds as there were persons, or indeed passions among them […]

使用する際の注意点

To commit, entrust, consign. These words have in common the idea of transferring from oneself to the care and custody of another. Commit is the widest term, and may express only the general idea of delivering into the charge of another; as, to commit a lawsuit to the care of an attorney; or it may have the special sense of entrusting with or without limitations, as to a superior power, or to a careful servant, or of consigning, as to writing or paper, to the flames, or to prison. To entrust denotes the act of committing to the exercise of confidence or trust; as, to entrust a friend with the care of a child, or with a secret. To consign is a more formal act, and regards the thing transferred as placed chiefly or wholly out of one's immediate control; as, to consign a pupil to the charge of his instructor; to consign goods to an agent for sale; to consign a work to the press.

派生語

• commit suicide
• commit oneself

関連する語

• commission
• commitment
• committal
• committee
• noncommittal

参照

Further reading

• commit in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• commit in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

名詞

commit (複数形 commits)

1. (computing) The act of committing (e.g. a database transaction または source code into a source control repository), making it a permanent change.
   • 1988, Klaus R Dittrich, Advances in Object-Oriented Database Systems: 2nd International Workshop

     To support locking and process synchronization independently of transaction commits, the server provides semaphore objects...

   • 2009, Jon Loeliger, Version Control with Git

     Every Git commit represents a single, atomic changeset with respect to the previous state.