patientとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈpeɪʃənt/
• ハイフネーション: pa‧tient

形容詞

patient (comparative patienter または more patient, superlative patientest または most patient)

1. (of a person) Willing to wait if necessary; not losing one's temper while waiting.

   Be patient: your friends will arrive in a few hours.

2. Constant in pursuit or exertion; persevering; calmly diligent.

   patient endeavour

   • December 15, 2016, Hettie Judah in the New York Times, Beloved Children’s-Book Characters, in Their Own Immersive World

     “Her personal life and her art were very intertwined: You can’t really separate them,” explains Sophia Jansson. “She mirrored her own a reality onto a fictional reality.” And this is perhaps the nub of the Moomin’s enduring appeal: a combination of adventuresome spirit and philosophy, all of which Jansson derived from close and patient observation, of human relationships and of the natural world alike.

   • c. 1692, Sir Isaac Newton, letter to Dr. Richard Bentley

     Whatever I have done […] is due to […] patient thought.

3. (obsolete) Physically able to suffer or bear.
   • 1661, John Fell, Doctor Henry Hammond, 1810, Christopher Wordsworth (editor), Ecclesiastical Biography, Volume 5, page 380,

     To this outward structure was joined that strength of constitution, patient of severest toil and hardship; insomuch that for the most part of his life, in the fiercest extremity of cold, he took no other advantage of a fire, than at the greatest distance that he could, to look upon it.

同意語

• composed

反意語

• impatient
• antsy
• macrophobic

派生語

• patiently

関連する語

• passion
• passionate
• passive
• passivity
• patience

名詞

patient (複数形 patients)

1. A person or animal who receives treatment from a doctor or other medically educated person.
   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 23, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.

   • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎^[1], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

     An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic […] real kidneys […] . But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.

2. (linguistics, grammar) The noun or noun phrase that is semantically on the receiving end of a verb's action.

   The subject of a passive verb is usually a patient.

   • 1982, Paul J. Hopper, Tense-aspect: Between Semantics & Pragmatics, →ISBN:

     The number of a first or second person participant is generally marked for both agent and patient in all aspects.

   • 2004, Paul Kroeger, Analyzing Syntax: A Lexical-Functional Approach, →ISBN, page 292:

     Since we have argued that the absolutive argument in Dyirbal is the grammatical subject of its clause, we must conclude that in the antipassive construction the agent replaces the patient as grammatical subject.

3. One who, or that which, is passively affected; a passive recipient.
   • c. 1658, Dr. Henry More, Government of the Tongue

     Malice is a passion so impetuous and precipitate, that it often involves the agent and the patient.

   • 1988, Sarah Waterlow & Sarah Broadie, Nature, Change, and Agency in Aristotle's Physics, →ISBN, page 159:

     For it seems clear that the subject of change is the changed, i.e. the patient -- on one proviso. the proviso is that there be an agent or changer.

   • 1994, Larry Cochran & Joan Laub, Becoming an Agent: Patterns and Dynamics for Shaping Your Life, →ISBN:

     How does a person change from a patient to an agent in shaping and living a course of life?

   • 1999, Lloyd P. Gerson, Aristotle: Logic and metaphysics, →ISBN, page 127:

     According to the tradition, when an agent acts on a patient, the change is located in the patient. If the patient reacts on the agent, then the agent is a patient in the new relation.

   • 2010, Mohua Banerjee & Anil Seth, Logic and Its Applications: Fourth Indian Conference, ICLA 2011, →ISBN, page 7:

     The starting point is that all events involve an agent and a patient. Agents and patients are modelled as (material または non-material) objects, and can therefore be represented as points in conceptual spaces.

反意語

• (linguistics, grammar): agent

派生語

参考

• -end

Further reading

• patient in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• patient in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911.

アナグラム

• antipet