wineとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: wīn, IPA^(key): /waɪn/
• 韻: -aɪn
• Homophone: whine (in accents with the wine-whine merger)

語源 1

From Middle English wyn, win, from 古期英語 wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Proto-Germanic *wīną, from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom (“wine”). Doublet of vine.

名詞

wine (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 wines)

1. An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grape juice, with an ABV ranging from 5.5–16%.
   • c. 810, charter of Christ Church Canterbury, Cotton Augustus II, 79, f1r:

     ...selle mon... mittan fulne huniges oðða tuegen uuines...

   • 1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 2:

     And David's Lips are lock't; but in divine
     High piping Péhlevi, with "Wine! Wine! Wine!
     Red Wine!" — the Nightingale cries to the Rose
     That yellow Cheek of her's to'incarnadine.

   • 1964, Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast, p. 156:

     In Europe then [1925] we thought of wine as something as healthy and normal as food and also as a great giver of happiness and well being and delight. Drinking wine was not a snobbism nor a sign of sophistication nor a cult; it was as natural as eating and to me as necessary, and I would not have thought of eating a meal without drinking either wine or cider or beer.

   Wine is usually stronger than beer.

   "Wine improves with age but I improve with wine," she slurred as she slid gracefully beneath the table.

2. An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting other substances, producing a similar ABV.

   ...dandelion wine, rice wine, plum wine...

3. (countable) A serving of wine.

   I'd like three beers and two wines, please. My friend will have the same.

4. (uncountable) The color of red wine, a deep reddish purple.

   wine:  

下位語

• (fermented grape juice): See Thesaurus:wine

派生語

派生した語

動詞

wine (三人称単数 現在形 wines, 現在分詞 wining, 過去形および過去分詞形 wined)

1. (transitive) To entertain (someone) with wine.
   • 1919, Lee Meriwether, The War Diary of a Diplomat, Dodd, Mead and Company, page 159:

     Neither Major Wadhams nor I is accustomed to being wined and dined by perfect strangers who do not even present themselves, but leave servants to do the honors, consequently to both of us our present situation smacks of romance and adventure;

2. (intransitive) To drink wine.
   • 1839, Thomas Chandler Haliburton, The Clockmaker:

     I rushed into my cabin, coffeed, wined, and went to bed sobbing.

使用する際の注意点

The homophony of wine (かつ wining) with whine (かつ whining) is sometimes a point of humor, as with would you like some cheese with your /waɪn/? or if you're going to be whining then I need to be wining.

派生語

• wine and dine, wining and dining

参考

語源 2

A variant of wind with simplification of the final consonant cluster; for the vowel quality, compare find, mind, rind.

名詞

wine (uncountable)

1. (Britain dialect) Wind.
   • 1850, James Orchard Halliwell, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century:

     Vor voices rawze upon tha wine

   • 1869, James Jennings, The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire:

     Aw how sholl I tell o’m—vor âll pirty maidens / When I pass’d ’em look’d back—ther smill rawze on tha wine.

別の表記

• wini

語源

From Proto-Germanic *winiz. Cognate with Old Frisian wine, Old Saxon wini, Old High German wini, Old Norse vinr, and Gothic *�������� (*wins). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin venus, Proto-Celtic *wenja- (Old Irish fine).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈwi.ne/

名詞

wine m

1. (poetic) friend

使用する際の注意点

Used as a second element of many personal names. It could be appended to mythical creatures (Ælfwine "elf friend," Entwine "giant friend"), animals (Ēowine "horse friend," Earnwine "eagle friend," Seolhwine "seal friend," Lēowine "lion friend," Gōswine "goose friend," Eoforwine "boar friend," Wulfwine "wolf friend," Hundwine "dog friend"), inanimate objects (Seaxwine "knife friend," Goldwine "gold friend," Ealuwine "ale friend", Dunwine "hill friend"), locations (Centwine "Kent friend"), features of nature (Sǣwine "sea friend," Wealdwine "forest friend", Æscwine "ash friend), kinds of people (Wealhwine "Celt friend," Cnihtwine "boy friend"), or abstract concepts (Mōdwine "mind friend" または "courage friend"). It was also often used with adjectives, usually praising the owner of the name, as in Beorhtwine ("bright friend"), Ealdwine ("old friend"), and Dēorwine ("dear friend").

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

• Middle English: wine
  • ⇒ English: (a component found in names – Baldwin, Godwin, Irwin, etc.)

参照

• John R. Clark Hall (1916), “wine”, in A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York: Macmillan