sorrowとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English sorow, sorwe, sorghe, sorȝe, from 古期英語 sorg, sorh (“care, anxiety, sorrow, grief”), from Proto-West Germanic *sorgu, from Proto-Germanic *surgō (compare West Frisian soarch, Dutch zorg, German Sorge, Danish, Swedish かつ Norwegian sorg), from Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ- (“watch over, worry; be ill, suffer”) (compare Old Irish serg (“sickness”), Tocharian B sark (“sickness”), Lithuanian sirgti (“be sick”), Sanskrit सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati, “worry”). Despite the similarity in form and meaning, not historically related to sorry and sore.

発音

• (Received 発音) enPR: sŏrʼō, IPA^(key): /ˈsɒɹ.əʊ/
• (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈsɑɹ.oʊ/, /ˈsɔɹ.oʊ/
• 韻: -ɒɹəʊ

名詞

sorrow (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 sorrows)

1. (uncountable) unhappiness, woe
   • August 28, 1750, Samuel Johnson, The Rambler No. 47

     The safe and general antidote against sorrow is employment.

2. (countable) (usually in 複数形) An instance or cause of unhappiness.
   • 1903, Maud Salvini, “Salvini as I Know Him”, in The Theatre, number 3, page 312:

     She had nursed all the children, including Sandro, to whom she was devoted, and my husband was just as fond of her. His going away to America was a great sorrow to her, and she always kept the sacred light burning on a little altar for Sandro all the time of his long absence.

   • 1963, C.L.R. James, The Black Jacobins, 2nd Revised edition, page 14:

     Vaublanc, in San Domingo so sympathetic to the sorrows of labour in France, had to fly from Paris in August, 1792, to escape the wrath of the French workers.

   Parting is such sweet sorrow.

派生語

動詞

sorrow (三人称単数 現在形 sorrows, 現在分詞 sorrowing, 過去形および過去分詞形 sorrowed)

1. (intransitive) To feel or express grief.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society 1973, p. 424:

     ‘Sorrow not, sir,’ says he, ‘like those without hope.’

2. (transitive) To feel grief over; to mourn, regret.
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     It is impossible to make a man naturally blind, to conceive that he seeth not; impossible to make him desire to see, and sorrow his defect.

派生語

• besorrow

参照

• “sorrow”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• "sorrow" in WordNet 3.1, Princeton University, 2011.