deathとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• deth (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 deeth, from 古期英語 dēaþ, from Proto-West Germanic *dauþu, from Proto-Germanic *dauþuz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰówtus. More at die.

発音

• enPR: dĕth, IPA: /dɛθ/
• 韻: -ɛθ
• (West Country, Northumbria) IPA: /diːθ/
• (Early Modern) IPA: /dɛːθ/, /dɛθ/
• 異形同音異義語: debt (th-stopping); deaf (th-fronting)

名詞

death (countable and uncountable, plural deaths)

1. The cessation of life and all associated processes; the end of an organism's existence as an entity independent from its environment and its return to an inert, nonliving state.

   My grandfather died a violent death, which saddened the whole family.

   • 1680, T. K., The Kitchin-Phyſician; Or, a Guide for Good-Housewives in Maintaining Their Families in Health. […] ‎, To cure the faintneſs of the Heart, page 71:

     But foraſmuch as this [the faintneſs of the Heart] is a very bad and heavy diſtemper, and a fore-runner of death, therefore 'tis called a timely death.

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

     Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly.

   • 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars:

     "‘Death,’" quoted Warwick, with whose mood the undertaker's remarks were in tune, "‘is the penalty that all must pay for the crime of living.’"

   • 2013 July-August, Philip J. Bushnell, “Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance”, in American Scientist:

     Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, […]

   1. Execution (in the judicial sense).

      The serial killer was sentenced to death.

      • 2018 March 30, Chris Buckley, “‘Vicious’ Killer of 11 Women Gets Death Penalty in China”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 31 March 2018, Asia Pacific‎:

        Thirty years after Gao Chengyong embarked on a succession of 11 rape-murders of women in northwest China, a court sentenced him to death on Friday, following an investigation that involved sifting through 230,000 fingerprints.

2. (often capitalized) The personification of death as a (usually male) hooded figure with a scythe; the Grim Reaper.

   When death walked in, a chill spread through the room.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 6:8:

     And I looked, and behold, a pale horse, & his name that sat on him was Death"

   • 1762, [Laurence Sterne], chapter IX, in The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume V, London: […] T. Becket and P. A. Dehondt, […], →OCLC, page 51:

     [T]o thoſe, Jonathan, who know what death is, and what havock and deſtruction he can make, before a man can well wheel about—'tis like a whole age.

   • 1974, Anthony Banks, Michael Rutherford, Peter Gabriel, Phil Collins, Steve Hackett, “Anyway”, in The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway, performed by Genesis:

     O boy! running man is out of death ... Anyway, they say she comes on a pale horse

3. (preceded by the) The collapse or end of something.

   England scored a goal at the death to even the score at one all.

   Buyer (negotiating): You were at two-fifty on that one. Go on, then, what's the death on that? Seller: Two hundred pounds is the absolute death. Buyer: Sold. Thank you.

   • 1983, Robert R. Faulkner, Music on Demand, page 90:

     He may even find himself being blamed if the project dies a quick and horrible death at the box office or is unceremoniously axed by the network.

   1. (figuratively, especially followed by of-phrase) A cause of great stress, exhaustion, embarrassment, or another negative condition (for someone).

      This bake sale is going to be the death of me!

4. (figurative) Spiritual lifelessness.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:death

派生語

English terms starting with “death”

参考

参照

Further reading

• The Definition of Death - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

アナグラム

• Theda, hated

固有名詞

De'Ath

1. A surname.