omenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈəʊmən/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈoʊmən/
• 韻: -əʊmən

名詞

omen (複数形 omens)

1. Something which portends or is perceived to portend either a good or evil event or circumstance in the future, or which causes a foreboding; a portent or augury.

   The ghost's appearance was an ill omen.

   A rise in imports might be an omen of economic recovery.

   The egg has, during the span of history, represented mystery, magic, medicine, food and omen.

   • 1856, Gustave Flaubert, chapter 10, in Madame Bovary, Part 3:

     Day broke. He saw three black hens asleep in a tree. He shuddered, horrified at this omen. Then he promised the Holy Virgin three chasubles for the church, and that he would go barefooted from the cemetery at Bertaux to the chapel of Vassonville.

2. A thing of prophetic significance.

   A sign of ill omen.

使用する際の注意点

• Adjectives often applied to "omen": good, ill, bad, auspicious, evil, favorable, happy, lucky.

同意語

• augury, auspice, forecast, foreshadowing, foretoken, forewarning, harbinger, herald, hint, indication, oracle, portent, prediction, presage, prophecy, sign, signal, token, warning; danger sign, straw in the wind, (hand)writing on the wall; see also Thesaurus:omen

派生語

関連する語

• ominous
• abomination

動詞

omen (三人称単数 現在形 omens, 現在分詞 omening, 過去形および過去分詞形 omened)

1. (transitive) To be an omen of.
2. (intransitive) To divine or predict from omens.

同意語

• prognosticate, betoken, forecast, foretell, portend, foreshadow, bode, augur, prefigure, predict, auspicate, presage

参考

• augury
• foreboding
• portend
• portent
• stars are aligned

Further reading

• “omen”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “omen”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Emon, Mone, NEMO, Nome, meno-, meon, mone, nemo, nome

Latin

語源

From Old Latin osmen, of uncertain ultimate origin. Ancient authors derived it from ōs (“mouth”). Recently it was by some referred to Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew- (“to see, perceive”) (whence audiō)^[1] or to the source of Ancient Greek οἴομαι (oíomai, “I think, believe, suppose”)^[2].

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈoː.men/, [ˈoːmɛn]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈo.men/, [ˈɔːmen]

名詞

ōmen n (genitive ōminis); third declension

1. An object or occurrence believed to portend or predict a future event, circumstance, situation, or state of affairs: an omen, a sign, a harbinger, a portent, a token

   Synonym: ōrāculum

   • 45 BCE, Marcus Tullius Cicero, De Divinatione ; 1.46.103:

     Atque ego exempla ominum nota proferam: L. Paulus consuliterum, cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset, ut ea ipsa die domum ad vesperum rediit, filiolam suam Tertiam, quae tum erat admodum parva, osculans animum advertit tristiculam. 'Quid est', inquit, 'mea Tertia? quid tristis es?' 'Mi pater', inquit, 'Persa periit.' Tum ille artius puellam conplexus: 'Accipio', inquit, 'mea filia, omen. Erat autem mortuus catellus eo nomine. L. Flaccum, flaminem Martialem, ego audivi, cum diceret Caeciliam Metelli, cum vellet sororis suae filiam in matrimonium conlocare, exisse in quoddam sacellum ominis capiendi causa, quod fieri more veterum solebat. Cum virgo staret et Caecilia in sella sederet neque diu ulla vox exstitisset, puellam defatigatam petisse a matertera, ut sibi concederet, paulisper ut in eius sella requiesceret; illam autem dixisse: 'Vero, mea puella, tibi concedo meas sedes.' Quod omen res consecuta est; ipsa enim brevi mortua est, virgo autem nupsit, cui Caecilia nupta fuerat. Haec posse contemni vel etiam rideri praeclare intellego, sed id ipsum est deos non putare, quae ab iis significantur, contemnere.

     Now let me give some well-known examples of omens: When Lucius Paulus was consul the second time, and had been chosen to wage war against King Perses, upon returning home on the evening of the day on which he had been appointed, he noticed, as he kissed his little daughter Tertia (at that time a very small child), that she was rather sad. 'What is the matter, Tertia, my dear? Why are you sad?' 'Oh! father, Persa is dead.' Paulus clasped the child in a closer embrace and said, 'Daughter, I accept that as an sign. Now, 'Persa' was the name of a little puppy that had died. I heard Lucius Flaccus,​ the high priest of Mars, relate the following story: Metellus' daughter, Caecilia, who was desirous of arranging a marriage for her sister's daughter, went, according to the ancient custom, to a small chapel to receive an omen. A long time passed while the maiden stood and Caecilia was seated on a chair without any word being spoken. Finally, the former grew weary and said to her aunt: 'Let me sit awhile on your chair.' 'Certainly, my child,' said Caecilia, 'you may have my place.' And this was a sign of what came to pass, for in a short time Caecilia died and the girl married her aunt's husband. I realize perfectly well that these omens may be lightly regarded and even be laughed at, but to make light of signs sent by the gods is nothing less than to disbelieve in the existence of the gods.

   • ~101 CE, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, Saturae ; Satura 4, lines 123-125:

     non cedit Veiiento, sed ut fanaticus oestro / percussus, Bellona, tuo diuinat et "ingens / omen habes" inquit "magni clarique triumphi..."

     Veiientus yields not, but as one inspired by the maddening / influence of the goddess Bellona, prophesies. "A mighty / token this you possess" he says "of some great and illustrious triumph..."

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

派生語

• ōminor
• ōminōsus
• nōmen est ōmen

関連する語

• praenūntiō

派生した語

• Dutch: omen
• English: omen
• German: Omen
• Norwegian:
  • Norwegian Bokmål: omen
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: omen

参照

• “omen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “omen”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• omen in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• omen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to wish prosperity to an undertaking: aliquid optimis ominibus prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    
  • and may heaven avert the omen! heaven preserve us from this: quod di immortales omen avertant! (Phil. 44. 11)
    
  • to accept as a happy omen: omen accipere (opp. improbare)
    
  • to interpret something as an omen: accipere, vertere aliquid in omen
    
  • with favourable omens: faustis ominibus
    
  • an evil omen; presage of ill: omen infaustum, triste
    
• “omen”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers