quodとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Abbreviation of quadrangle; originally (17th century) referring to the quadrangles of Newgate Prison, London.

名詞

quod (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 quods)

1. (countable) A quadrangle or court, as of a prison; a prison.
   • 1863, Punch, quoted in 1995, Seán McConville, English Local Prisons, 1860-1900: Next Only to Death, page 69,

     […] not the poorer classes merely, but the rich will be desirous to enjoy the mingled luxury and comfort of a gaol: and we shall hear of blasé Swells become burglars and garotters as a prelude to a prison, and, instead of taking tours for restoration of their health, recruiting it more cheaply by a residence in quod.

   • 1878, John Wrathall Bull, Early Experiences of Colonial Life in South Australia, page 264:

     […] and declined their escort, desiring to be conducted to “quod” by the gallant South Australian police, […] .

   • 2000, R.I.C. Publications, Workbook E: Society and Environment, page 48:

     From 1855-1903 a chapel was built, the boat shed and holding cell constructed, Government House was constructed as a summer residence for the Governor and the Quod (スラング for prison) was constructed.

   • 2006, Pip Wilson, Faces in the Street: Louisa and Henry Lawson and the Castlereagh Street Push, page 202:

     Pity McNamara′s still doing his stretch in the quod, but he′ll be out soon.

2. (uncountable, Australia, slang) Confinement in a prison.
   • c. 1894, Acquaintance of Norman Lindsay, quoted in 2005, James Cockington, Banned: Tales From the Bizarre History of Australian Obscenity, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, paperback →ISBN, page 7,

     I don′t suppose you'll get more than a couple of months′ quod for them.

別の表記

• quad

動詞

quod (三人称単数 現在形 quods, 現在分詞 quodding, 過去形および過去分詞形 quodded)

1. (slang, archaic) To confine in prison.

動詞

quod

1. (obsolete) Quoth.
   • 1563, John Foxe, “Actes and Monuments”, in The Church Historians of England: Reformation Period, published 1868, Volume 8, Part 1, page 422:

     “Why,” quod her friend, “would ye not willingly have gone with your company, if God should so have suffered it?”

   • 1908, James Gairdner, Lollardy and the Reformation in England: An Historical Survey, Cambridge University Press, published 2010, page 416:

     “And therefore I have granted to their request,” quod the King; […] .

参考

Latin

語源

Inflection of quī (“who, which”), corresponding to Proto-Indo-European *kʷod, whence also 古期英語 hwæt (English what).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kʷod/, [kʷɔd̪]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kwod/, [kwɔd̪]

代名詞

quod

1. neuter nominative/accusative singular of quī

接続詞

quod

1. which
2. because
3. until
4. what
   • Fui quod es, eris quod sum.

     I once was what you are; one day you shall be what I am.

5. (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) that (in indirect speech)
   • 13th century, “Dies Irae”

     Recordare, Jesu pie, quod sum causa tuae viae

     Remember, holy Jesus, that I am the reason for your journey.

関連する語

• eō quod
• quid

派生した語

• Aromanian: cã, che
• Dalmatian: co
• Old Neapolitan: ko (Placiti Cassinesi)
• Romanian: că
• Romansch: cu

参照

• “quod”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “quod”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• quod in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• quod in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to fail to see what lies before one: quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre
    
  • (ambiguous) the rest of one's life: quod reliquum est vitae
    
  • (ambiguous) it is most fortunate that..: peropportune accidit, quod
    
  • (ambiguous) you were right in...; you did right to..: recte, bene fecisti quod...
    
  • (ambiguous) a thing which is rather (very) dubious: quod aliquam (magnam) dubitationem habet (Leg. Agr. 1. 4. 11)
    
  • (ambiguous) as far as I know: quod sciam
    
  • (ambiguous) he attained his object: id quod voluit consecutus est
    
  • (ambiguous) he attained his object: ad id quod voluit pervenit
    
  • (ambiguous) a proof of this is that..: argumento huic rei est, quod
    
  • (ambiguous) the point at issue: id, de quo agitur or id quod cadit in controversiam
    
  • (ambiguous) a digression, episode: quod ornandi causa additum est
    
  • (ambiguous) I have nothing to write about: non habeo, non est quod scribam
    
  • (ambiguous) a theme, subject proposed for discussion: id quod (mihi) propositum est
    
  • (ambiguous) a theme, subject proposed for discussion: id quod quaerimus (quaeritur)
    
  • (ambiguous) a theme, subject proposed for discussion: institutum or id quod institui
    
  • (ambiguous) as the proverb says: ut or quod or quomodo aiunt, ut or quemadmodum dicitur
    
  • (ambiguous) I am pained, vexed, sorry: aegre, graviter, moleste fero aliquid (または with Acc. c. Inf. または quod)
    
  • (ambiguous) and may God grant success: quod deus bene vertat!
    
  • (ambiguous) and may heaven avert the omen! heaven preserve us from this: quod di immortales omen avertant! (Phil. 44. 11)
    
  • (ambiguous) God forbid: quod abominor! (procul absit!)
    
  • (ambiguous) may heaven's blessing rest on it: quod bonum, faustum, felix, fortunatumque sit! (Div. 1. 45. 102)
    
  • (ambiguous) I will give you my true opinion: dicam quod sentio
    
  • (ambiguous) without wishing to boast, yet..: quod vere praedicare possum
    
  • (ambiguous) which I can say without offence, arrogance: quod non arroganter dixerim
    
  • (ambiguous) to except the fact that..: praeterquam quod or nisi quod
    
  • (ambiguous) the main point: id quod maximum, gravissimum est
    
  • (ambiguous) the main point: quod caput est
    
  • (ambiguous) what is more important: quod maius est