saveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: sāv, IPA^(key): /seɪv/
• 韻: -eɪv

動詞

save (三人称単数 現在形 saves, 現在分詞 saving, 過去形および過去分詞形 saved)

1. (transitive) To prevent harm or difficulty.
   1. To help (somebody) to survive, or rescue (somebody または something) from harm.

      She was saved from drowning by a passer-by.

      We were able to save a few of our possessions from the house fire.

      • 2014 June 14, “It's a gas”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8891:

        One of the hidden glories of Victorian engineering is proper drains. Isolating a city’s effluent and shipping it away in underground sewers has probably saved more lives than any medical procedure except vaccination.

   2. To keep (something) safe; to safeguard.
      • 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

        Thou hast […] quitted all to save / A world from utter loss.

      • 2004, George Carlin, When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?‎^[1], New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 132:

        IF IT SAVES JUST ONE LIFE
        You often hear a new policy or procedure justified by the specious idea that "If it saves the life of just one (insert here 'child' または 'American soldier'), it will be worth it." Well, maybe not. Maybe a closer look would show that the cost in time, money or inconvenience would be much too high to justify merely saving one life. What's wrong with looking at it like that? Governments and corporations make those calculations all the time.

   3. To spare (somebody) from effort, or from something undesirable.
      • 1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

        I'll save you / That labour, sir. All's now done.

   4. (Christianity) To redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation.

      Jesus Christ came to save sinners.

   5. (sports) To catch or deflect (a shot at goal).
      • 2012, Chelsea 6-0 Wolves‎^[2]:

        Chelsea's youngsters, who looked lively throughout, then combined for the second goal in the seventh minute. Romeu's shot was saved by Wolves goalkeeper Dorus De Vries but Piazon kept the ball alive and turned it back for an unmarked Bertrand to blast home.

   6. (baseball) To preserve, as a relief pitcher, (a win of another pitcher's on one's team) by defending the lead held when the other pitcher left the game.
2. To put aside, to avoid.
   1. (transitive) To store for future use.

      Let's save the packaging in case we need to send the product back.

   2. (transitive) To conserve or prevent the wasting of.

      Save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave the room.

      • 1977, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in An Autobiography, part I, London: Collins, →ISBN:

        An indulgent playmate, Grannie would lay aside the long scratchy-looking letter she was writing (heavily crossed ‘to save notepaper’) and enter into the delightful pastime of ‘a chicken from Mr Whiteley's’.

      • 2019 May 21, Dylan Curran, “Facial recognition will soon be everywhere. Are we prepared?”, in The Guardian‎^[3]:

        However, we’ve reached the stage where our technological leaps and bounds no longer save us hours, or even minutes – they shave only seconds from our day-to-day tasks.

   3. (transitive) To obviate or make unnecessary.
      • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):

        Will you not speak to save a lady's blush?

   4. (transitive, intransitive, computing, video games) To write a file to disk or other storage medium.

      Where did I save that document? I can't find it on the desktop.

   6. (intransitive) To economize or avoid waste.
   7. (transitive and intransitive) To accumulate money or valuables.
   8. (reflexive, idiomatic, often with "for") To refrain from romantic or (especially in later use) sexual relationships until one is married or is with a suitable partner.

      She told me she's saving herself for marriage.

      • 2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Tempest:

        Ryder: Come on—you two were intimate, right?
        Peebee: Take a wild guess. Why are people so hung up on sex? It's a natural expression of attraction.
        Peebee: We were doing exciting, daring, irreverent things. It stirs stuff up. Like shaking up a bottle of champagne, you know?
        Peebee: You should know, better than anyone...
        Peebee: I'm not the type to "save myself".

   9. (informal) To avoid saying something.

      Save your excuses and lies.

      • 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World/Ballantine Books, page 206:

        School days went by. I ran across Sly a couple a times, but I wasn't in no mood to talk. He could save all that philosophical bullshit he liked to holla. Didn't nobody need to tell me what was up.

使用する際の注意点

In computing sense “to write a file”, also used as phrasal verb save down informally. Compare other computing phrasal verbs such as print out and close out.

派生語

名詞

save (複数形 saves)

1. An instance of preventing (further) harm or difficulty.
   • 2020 November 18, Drachinifel, 0:34 from the start, in The Salvage of Pearl Harbor Pt 2 - Up She Rises!‎^[4], archived from the original on 22 October 2022:

     As 1942 began, work was now continuing apace on getting the ships back afloat and into dock. The first good news in this regard was West Virginia. Thanks to a combination of Tennessee's unintentional save and the crew's own efforts, she'd settled upright, and so divers estimated that, if the various holes could be patched and pumping done in a sensible order from the top down, she should just rise back up to the surface on an even keel, which, in turn, meant that a lot of the initial work on removing her main battery could now be stopped.

   1. In various sports, a block that prevents an opponent from scoring.

      The goaltender made a great save.

      • 2010 December 29, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0 - 1 Wolverhampton”, in BBC‎^[5]:

        Wolves defender Ronald Zubar was slightly closer with his shot on the turn as he forced Pepe Reina, on his 200th Premier League appearance, into a low save.

   2. (baseball) A successful attempt by a relief pitcher to preserve the win of another pitcher on one's team.

      Jones retired seven to earn the save.

   3. (professional wrestling, slang) A point in a professional wrestling match when one or more wrestlers run to the ring to aid a fellow wrestler who is being beaten.

      The giant wrestler continued to beat down his smaller opponent, until several wrestlers ran in for the save.

   4. (informal) An action that brings one back out of an awkward situation.

      Nice save.

2. (computing) The act, process, or result of saving data to a storage medium.

   If you're hit by a power cut, you'll lose all of your changes since your last save.

   The game console can store up to eight saves on a single cartridge.

3. (roleplaying games) A saving throw.

派生語

前置詞

save

1. Except; with the exception of.
   • 2004, David Carpenter, The Penguin History of Britain: The Struggle for Mastery, Penguin Books:

     Under the terms of the Interdict no church services and offices were to be permitted save the baptism of infants and the confession of the dying.

同意語

• barring, except for, save for; see also Thesaurus:except

接続詞

save

1. unless; except
   • 2009, Nicolas Brooke (translator), French Code of Civil Procedure in English 2008, Article 1 of Book One, quoted after: 2016, Laverne Jacobs and Sasha Baglay, The Nature of Inquisitorial Processes in Administrative Regimes: Global Perspectives, published by Routledge (first published in 2013 by Ashgate Publishing), p. 8:

     Only the parties may institute proceedings, save where the law shall provide otherwise.

   • 1914, Louis Joseph Vance, chapter III, in Nobody, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 1915, →OCLC:

     Turning back, then, toward the basement staircase, she began to grope her way through blinding darkness, but had taken only a few uncertain steps when, of a sudden, she stopped short and for a little stood like a stricken thing, quite motionless save that she quaked to her very marrow in the grasp of a great and enervating fear.

派生語

• a prophet is not without honor save in his own country
• save vs.
• save as

参照

• “save, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Further reading

• “save”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• “save”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “save”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “save” in the Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

アナグラム

• AEVs, Esav, VASE, VESA, Veas, aves, vaes, vase