Bullとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʊl/
• 韻: -ʊl

語源 1

From Middle English bole, bul, bule, from a conflation of 古期英語 bula (“bull, steer”) and Old Norse boli, both from Proto-Germanic *bulô (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥no-, from *bʰel- (“to blow, swell up”). Cognate with West Frisian bolle, Dutch bul, German Low German Bull, German Bulle, Swedish bulla; also Old Irish ball (“limb”), Latin follis (“bellows, leather bag”), Thracian βόλινθος (vólinthos, “wild bull”), Albanian buall (“buffalo”) or related bolle (“testicles”), Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”).

名詞

A statue of a Spanish fighting bull or toro de lidia in Tordesillas, Valladolid, Spain

bull (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 bulls)

1. An adult male of domesticated cattle or oxen.
   1. Specifically, one that is uncastrated.
2. A male of domesticated cattle or oxen of any age.
3. Any adult male bovine.
4. An adult male of certain large mammals, such as whales, elephants, camels and seals.
5. A large, strong man.
6. (finance) An investor who buys (commodities または securities) in anticipation of a rise in prices.
7. (slang) A policeman.
   • 1920, Mary Roberts Rinehart; Avery Hopwood, chapter I, in The Bat: A Novel from the Play (Dell Book; 241), New York, N.Y.: Dell Publishing Company, OCLC 20230794, page 01:

     The Bat—they called him the Bat. […]. He'd never been in stir, the bulls had never mugged him, he didn't run with a mob, he played a lone hand, and fenced his stuff so that even the fence couldn't swear he knew his face.

   1. (US) Specifically, a policeman employed in a railroad yard.
8. (LGBT, slang) An elderly lesbian.^[1]
9. (Britain, historical, obsolete slang) A crown coin; its value, 5 shillings.
   • 1859, J.C. Hotten, A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant, and Vulgar Words

     Half-a-crown is known as an alderman, half a bull, half a tusheroon, and a madza caroon; whilst a crown piece, or five shillings, may be called either a bull, or a caroon, or a cartwheel, or a coachwheel, or a thick-un, or a tusheroon.

10. (Britain) Clipping of bullseye.
    • 1926, T.E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom, New York: Anchor (1991), p. 219:

      A second good game was to cannon one galloping camel with another, and crash it into a near tree. Either the tree went down (valley trees in the light Hejaz soil were notably unstable things) or the rider was scratched and torn; or, best of all, he was swept quite out of his saddle, and left impaled on a thorny branch, if not dropped violently to the ground. This counted as a bull, and was very popular with everyone but him.

    1. (military, firearms) The central portion of a target, inside the inner and magpie.
11. (Philadelphia, slang) A man or boy (derived from the Philadelphia English pronunciation of “boy”, which is practically a homophone of “bull”)
12. (uncountable, informal, euphemistic, slang) Clipping of bullshit.
13. A man who has sex with another man's wife or girlfriend with the consent of both.
    • 2018 ‘Stag’ men love watching other guys have sex with their wives… but it’s not cuckolding

      The Vixen, often known as ‘Hotwife’, has sex with the encouragement of her husband or boyfriend with the Bull (that’s the guy who is servicing her). Another scenario is that the Vixen has sex with a Bull outside of the couple’s shared abode. Then she comes home and recounts all the details in a blow-by-blow description to turn the Stag on.

14. (obsolete) A drink made by pouring water into a cask that previously held liquor.

同意語

• (cattle): gentleman cow (廃れた用法, euphemistic)
• (スラング: male person): guy, dude, bro, cat
• (スラング: policeman): cop, copper, pig (derogatory), rozzer (英国用法). See also Thesaurus:police officer

反意語

• (finance: investor who sells in anticipation of a fall in prices): bear

等位語

• cow, ox, calf, steer

派生語

• Banbury story of a cock and a bull

形容詞

bull (not comparable)

1. Large and strong, like a bull.
   • Synonyms: beefy, hunky, robust
   • Antonyms: feeble, puny, weak
2. (of large mammals) adult male

   a bull elephant

   Synonym: male

   Antonym: female

3. (finance) Of a market in which prices are rising (compare bear)

   Antonym: bear

4. stupid

   Synonym: stupid

派生語

動詞

bull (三人称単数 現在形 bulls, 現在分詞 bulling, 過去形および過去分詞形 bulled)

1. (intransitive) To force oneself (in a particular direction).

   He bulled his way in.

2. (intransitive) To be in heat; to manifest sexual desire as cows do.
3. (finance, transitive) To endeavour to raise the market price of.

   to bull railroad bonds

4. (finance, transitive) To endeavour to raise prices in.

   to bull the market

派生語

(terms derived from the adj., noun, or verb bull (etymology 1)):

語源 2

Middle English bulle, from Old French bulle, from Latin bulla, from Gaulish. Doublet of bull (“bubble”) and bulla.

名詞

bull (複数形 bulls)

1. A papal bull, an official document or edict from the Pope.
2. A seal affixed to a document, especially a document from the Pope.

動詞

bull (三人称単数 現在形 bulls, 現在分詞 bulling, 過去形および過去分詞形 bulled)

1. (dated, 17th century) to publish in a Papal bull

語源 3

Middle English bull (“falsehood”), of unknown origin. Possibly related to Old French boul, boule, bole (“fraud, deceit, trickery”). Popularly associated with bullshit.

名詞

bull (uncountable)

1. A lie.
2. (euphemistic, informal) Nonsense.

同意語

• (nonsense): See also Thesaurus:nonsense

動詞

bull (三人称単数 現在形 bulls, 現在分詞 bulling, 過去形および過去分詞形 bulled)

1. To mock; to cheat.
2. (intransitive) To lie, to tell untruths.
3. (Britain, military) To polish boots to a high shine.

語源 4

Old French boule (“ball”), from Latin bulla (“round swelling”), of Gaulish origin. Doublet of bull (“papal bull”) and bulla.

名詞

bull (複数形 bulls)

1. (obsolete) A bubble. [16th century]

参照