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意味・対訳 (弱い者・小さい者をいじめる)いじめっ子、がき大将
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研究社 新英和中辞典での「bully」の意味 |
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Wiktionary英語版での「bully」の意味 |
bully
語源
From 1530, as a term of endearment, probably a diminutive ( + -y) of Dutch boel (“lover; brother”), from Middle Dutch boel, boele (“brother; lover”), from Old Dutch *buolo, from Proto-Germanic *bōlô (compare Middle Low German bôle (“brother”), Middle High German buole (“brother; close relative; close relation”) (whence German Buhle (“lover”)), 古期英語 Bōla, Bōlla (personal name), diminutive of expressive *bō- (“brother, father”). Compare also Latvian bālinš (“brother”). More at boy.
The term acquired negative senses during the 17th century; first ‘noisy, blustering fellow’ then ‘a person who is cruel to others’. Possibly influenced by bull (“male cattle”) or via the ‘prostitute's minder’ sense.[1] The positive senses are dated, but survive in phrases such as bully pulpit.
名詞
bully (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 bullies)
- A person who is intentionally physically or emotionally cruel to others, especially to those whom they perceive as being vulnerable or of less power or privilege. [from late 17th c.]
- A noisy, blustering, tyrannical person, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening and quarrelsome.
- A hired thug.
- 1849, John McLean, Notes of a Twenty-Five Years' Service in the Hudson's Bay Territory, pp. 42-3:
- Mr. Fisher returned from town... he had learnt that our opponents intended to shift the scene of operations to the Chats... We understood that they had hired two bullies for the purpose of deciding the matter par voie de fait. Mr Fisher hired two of the same description, who were supposed to be more than a match for the opposition party.
- 1849, John McLean, Notes of a Twenty-Five Years' Service in the Hudson's Bay Territory, pp. 42-3:
- A sex worker’s minder.
- 2009, Dan Cruikshank, Secret History of Georgian London, Random House, p. 473:
- The Proclamation Society and the Society for the Suppression of Vice were more concerned with obscene literature […] than with hands-on street battles with prostitutes and their bullies […].
- 2009, Dan Cruikshank, Secret History of Georgian London, Random House, p. 473:
- (uncountable) Bully beef.
- (obsolete) A brisk, dashing fellow.
- c. 1595–1596, Shakespeare, William, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Act 3, Scene 1:
- The small scrum in the Eton College field game.
- Various small freshwater or brackishwater fish of the family Eleotridae; sleeper goby.
- (obsolete or dialectal, Ireland and Northern England) An (eldest) brother; a fellow workman; comrade
- (dialectal) A companion; mate (male または female).
- (obsolete) A darling, sweetheart (male または female).
- 1753, Richardson, Samuel, “Letter 15”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison:
- (field hockey) A standoff between two players from the opposing teams, who repeatedly hit each other's hockey sticks and then attempt to acquire the ball, as a method of resuming the game in certain circumstances. Also called bully-off.
- (mining) A miner's hammer.
動詞
bully (三人称単数 現在形 bullies, 現在分詞 bullying, 過去形および過去分詞形 bullied)
- (transitive) To intimidate (someone) as a bully.
- (transitive) To act aggressively towards.
形容詞
bully (comparative bullier, superlative bulliest)
間投詞
bully
「bully」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 61件
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