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主な意味 | 産む、出産する、つける、結ぶ、生む、身につける、帯びる、記載がある、抱く、もつ |
コア |
(我慢して)支え持つ 動きが意図されれば「(背負って)運ぶ」,動きがなければ「身につける,帯びる,抱く」などの意になる.果樹の実の場合は「(支え持った結果として)実がなる」,事業の利益の場合は「(苦労の結果として)利益を生む」となる.重さが強調されると「支える,我慢する」の意になる |
音節 | bear | 発音記号・読み方 |
bearの |
bearの |
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bearの |
bearの | レベル:2英検:準2級以上の単語学校レベル:高校1年以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:350点以上の単語大学入試:センター試験対策レベル |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「bear」の意味 |
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bear1
1
a
〈…〉産む,出産する 《★【用法】 受身で「生まれた」の意味を表わす場合にはあとに by… が続く時は borne を用い,それ以外は過去分詞で形容詞的に born を用いる; 従って後者の能動態はない; ⇒born 形容詞 1a》.
bear testimony to… …であることの証拠となる. |
bear2
1
可算名詞 【動物, 動物学】
(as) cróss as a béar (with a sóre héad)=lìke a béar (with a sóre héad) |
金融・会計のほかの用語一覧
- 履歴機能過去に調べた
単語を確認! - 語彙力診断診断回数が
増える! - マイ単語帳便利な
学習機能付き! - マイ例文帳文章で
単語を理解!
Eゲイト英和辞典での「bear」の意味 |
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bear
コア(我慢して)支え持つ動きが意図されれば「(背負って)運ぶ」,動きがなければ「身につける,帯びる,抱く」などの意になる.果樹の実の場合は「(支え持った結果として)実がなる」,事業の利益の場合は「(苦労の結果として)利益を生む」となる.重さが強調されると「支える,我慢する」の意になる
他動詞
2〔持つ〕((かたい))a(武器など)を身につける,携帯する
b(印・肩書き・特徴など)を持つ,有する;(日付・署名など)がある
c(愛情・憎しみなど)を心にいだく,持つ
3((かたい))(証言・援助・証拠など)を与える,提供する,示す
4〔支え持つ〕a(重さ・荷物など)を支える,担う
b(責任・負担など)を負う,担う
5((ふつう否定文で))(批判・綿密な検査など)に耐えうる,…にふさわしい,…の価値がある
6((canとともにふつう否定文・疑問文で))…に耐える,…を我慢する
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7〔産む〕a(子)を産む(この意味の受け身の過去分詞形はborn;byを伴う場合は過去分詞形はborne;⇒born)
b(努力の結果として)(成果・利益など)を生む;(植物が)(花・実など)をつける;(場所が)(石油・石炭・作物など)を産出する
自動詞
成句bear away
①((bear away))≪海事≫(風下に)船の向きを変えて進む
②((bear away))((かたい))…を持ち去る;(賞など)を勝ち取る;(人)を有頂天にする
成句bear down
①((bear down))断固としてやる,がんばる
②((bear down))((かたい))(物)を運んで[持って]下りる;(病気・難事など)を克服する;(敵など)を圧倒する
成句bear down on [upon] ...
…に急速に迫る;…にのしかかる,…を押さえつける;(人)を厳しく罰する
成句bear off
①((bear off))≪海事≫(船が舵で)方向を変える
②((bear off))≪海事≫(他船)との接触をさける;((かたい))(賞など)を勝ち取る,さらう;…を盗む
成句bear on [upon] ...
…を圧迫する;…に影響する,…と関係がある
成句bear out
…を実証する,裏付ける
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成句bear up
①((bear up))〈…のもとで[…に対して]〉耐える,がんばる〈under[against]〉;((英口))元気になる
②((bear up))…を支える;(人)を元気づける
成句bear with ...
(人・行為など)を我慢する,…に耐える;((口))…を辛抱して待つ[聞く]
成句bear| oneself|
((かたい))ふるまう,行動する(副詞(句)を伴う)
成句bear watching
注目に値する;目を離せない
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成句be borne in on [upon] ...
(発言・出来事などが)(人)に認められるようになる,確信される
成句bring| A |to bear on [upon]| B|
A(圧力など)をBにかける;A(注意など)をBに集中する,注ぐ
ネットワーク耐える bearは重い物を背負っている感じ.同義語のstandはくだけた表現だがbearより積極的に耐えてゆくという意味が加わる.put up withは口語で「へこたれない」という意味を含む.endureは「長期」の意味が加わって「苦痛・不快を長いこと耐え忍ぶ」意 |
コア・セオリー英語表現(基本動詞)での「bear」の意味 |
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bear
コアとなる意味 | (重さのあるものを) 支え持つ, になう |
ポイント | 風など動くものが「になう」と「運ぶ」となり, 動きが感じられないものが「になう」と「身につける, 帯びる, 抱く」となり, 果樹であれば「(実が) なる」さらには金銭・事業がからむと「利益を(身に帯びる) →生む」「子を(身に) 帯びる→生む」, また重さが強調されると「 (これを) 支える」となる. bear は本来carry, bring の意味だが動きを強調すると carry; 動きのない重さを強調するbear は「支える」からさらに苦しみ・不快に対して「我慢する, 耐える」の使い方が生まれてきた. 現代では動きに関する表現は carry がこれに代わり, 動きのないものに対してはhave が一般に使われている |
① a 〔動きがある主体〕...を運ぶ, 移動する(carry)
- When you're bearing a heavy burden, I'll get under it with you.
君が重い荷物を運んでいる時には僕が一緒に背負ってやるよ - The butler appeared, bearing a visiting card on a sliver ptray.
執事が銀のプレートに名刺を載せて出てきた - The letter in the bottle was borne all the way across the Atlantic.
瓶に入ったその手紙は大西洋をはるばる運ばれてきた - Life is like walking a long way bearing a heavy burden.
人の一生は重き荷を背負いて長き道を歩むがごとし
①b 〔動きがない主体〕 身につけている, 持っている, 抱いている (have)
② a (武器など)を身につける; (名前・性質・特徴・傷跡など) を持つ, 有する
- bear a gun [a rifle, a knife, arms ]
銃[ライフル,ナイフ]を身につける - Your recommendation should bear the letter head of your school.
推薦状には学校の紋章がついたものでなければいけません - We need facts that bear more relevance to the debate.
この当面する議論にもっと関連している事実が我々には必要です - The president bore a great resemblance to his father, both in looks and in character.
大統領は容貌も性格も彼の父親にすごく似ている
②b (愛情・悪意・憎しみ・恨みなど) を心にいだく, 持つ
④ (物)を支える; (荷物・重量・負担など) を支える, ...に耐える
⑤(批判・綿密な検査など) に耐えうる, ...するに相応しい, 価値がある, 適切である
⑥ 〔can と共に否定文・疑問文で〕...に我慢する, 大目に見る(→一般的な同義語でstand はくだけた表現だが bear よりも嫌悪感から積極的に耐えて行くという意味が加わる, さらに put up with も同じ積極的意, endure は長期の意味が加わって苦痛・不快を長いこと耐え忍ぶ意)
- He could not bear the thought of kissing her.
彼女に口づけをすると思うと耐えられなかった - I can't bear getting stuck in traffic.
渋滞に巻き込まれることが嫌でしようがなかった
《can't bear doing》 ...するのは我慢できない - I can't bear to leave you behind.
君を後に残していくなんて耐えられない
《can't bear to do》...するなんて耐えられない - Our teacher can't bear anyone being late.
担任の宣誓は誰でも遅刻する事には我慢できません 《can't bear + 名 + to do》人が...するのは忍びない
《can't bear + 名+ doing》人が...するのが我慢できない - You want to help but I can't bear you to share the pain.
手伝いたいと仰っても, 同じ苦労をかけるのは忍びない - I can't bear that you should know how poor I am.
あなたにわたしがどんなに貧しいかを知られるなんて我慢できません
《can't bear + that 節》...ということは我慢できない
⑦ a (人が子供を) 生む(→受動態の表現では過去分詞形はborn ; 能動態の場合と受動態でも by を伴う場合は 過去分詞形は borne )
⑦b (成果・利益など) を生む, 生み出す; (木・植物が花・葉・実など) をつける; (場所が石油・石炭・作物など) を産出する
bear |away
②...を 持ち去る; (賞など) を勝ち取る; 〔受け身で〕(人が) 有頂天になる
bear |down
②(物)を(運んで・持って) 下りる; (病気・難事など) を克服する; (敵) を圧倒する
...に急速に迫ってくる; (人)を 厳しく罰する; 押し付ける
bear |off
①[自]〔海事〕(舵で) 方向を変える, 他船との接触をさける
②(賞など) を勝ち取る, さらう, 盗む (→ bear away)
bear|out
bear |up
①[自](批判・拷問などに対して) 耐える, 頑張る ; 元気になる
(人が)...から生まれる; (物事が)... の結果生まれる
日本語WordNet(英和)での「bear」の意味 |
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bear
(put up with something or somebody unpleasant)
(have rightfully)
(have)
bear a resemblance 類似している |
Weblio英和対訳辞書での「bear」の意味 |
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(regular) bear
bear
bear
bear
bear
Bear
Bear (gay culture)
Wiktionary英語版での「bear」の意味 |
bear
発音
語源 1
From Middle English bere, from 古期英語 bera, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô (compare West Frisian bear, Dutch beer, German Bär, Danish bjørn).
This is generally taken to be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“shining, brown”) (compare Tocharian A parno, Tocharian B perne (“radiant, luminous”), Lithuanian bė́ras (“brown”)), related to brown and beaver.
The Germanic languages replaced the older name of the bear, *h₂ŕ̥tḱos, with the epithet "brown one", presumably due to taboo avoidance; compare Russian медве́дь (medvédʹ, “bear”, literally “honey-eater”).
However, Ringe (2006:106) doubts the existence of a root *bʰer- meaning "brown" ("an actual PIE word of [the requisite] shape かつ meaning is not recoverable") and suggests that a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer- (“wild animal”) "should therefore perhaps be preferred", implying a Germanic merger of *ǵʰw and *gʷʰ (*gʷʰ may sometimes result in Germanic *b, perhaps e.g. in *bidjaną, but it also seems to have given the g in gun かつ the w in warm).
名詞
- A large omnivorous mammal, related to the dog and raccoon, having shaggy hair, a very small tail, and flat feet; a member of family Ursidae.
- (figuratively) A rough, unmannerly, uncouth person. [1579]
- (finance) An investor who sells commodities, securities, or futures in anticipation of a fall in prices. [1744]
- (slang, US) A state policeman (short for smokey bear). [1970s]
- 1976 June, CB Magazine, Communications Publication Corporation, Oklahoma City, June 40/3:
- (slang) A large, hairy man, especially one who is homosexual. [1990]
- 1990, "Bears, gay men subculture materials" (publication title, Human Sexuality Collection, Collection Level Periodical Record):
- 2004, Richard Goldstein, Why I'm Not a Bear, in The Advocate, number 913, 27 April 2004, page 72:
- 2006, Simon LeVay, Sharon McBride Valente, Human sexuality:
- (engineering) A portable punching machine.
- (nautical) A block covered with coarse matting, used to scour the deck.
- (cartomancy) The fifteenth Lenormand card.
- (colloquial, US) Something difficult or tiresome; a burden or chore.
- 2014, Joe Buda, Pilgrims' Passage: Into a New Millennium; Rebuilding the Past:
- “This was a real bear to refinish. You can't believe how hard it was right here to get a thousand years of crud out of this carving.”
同意語
- (large omnivorous mammal): see Thesaurus:bear
- (rough, uncouth person): see Thesaurus:troublemaker
- (police officer): see Thesaurus:police officer
派生語
- ant bear
- Atlas bear
- bear cat/bearcat
- bear claw
- bear cub
- bear grass
- bear hug
- bearish
- Bear Lake
- bearly
- bear market
- bear pit
- bear's breech
- bear spread
- beartrap/bear trap
- bear walker
- black bear
- brown bear
- cat bear
- cave bear
- dancing bear
- does a bear shit in the woods
- drop bear
- Etruscan bear
- Gobi bear
- Great Bear
- grizzly bear
- gummy bear
- honey bear
- koala bear
- kodiak bear/Kodiak bear
- lava bear
- Little Bear
- loaded for bear
- mama bear
- mamma bear
- minibear
- moon bear
- native bear
- panda bear
- polar bear
- she-bear
- sloth bear
- spectacled bear
- sun bear
- teddy bear
- water bear
- white bear
- wooly bear/woolly bear
派生した語
動詞
形容詞
bear (not comparable)
- (finance, investments) Characterized by declining prices in securities markets or by belief that the prices will fall.
参照
- Donald A. Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (2006), Linguistic history of English, vol. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press →ISBN
語源 2
From Middle English beren (“carry, bring forth”), from 古期英語 beran (“to carry, bear, bring”), from Proto-West Germanic *beran, from Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti, from *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).
Akin to Old High German beran (“carry”), Dutch baren, Norwegian Bokmål bære, Norwegian Nynorsk bera, German gebären, Gothic (bairan), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferre, and Ancient Greek φέρειν (phérein), Albanian bie (“to bring, to bear”), Russian брать (bratʹ, “to take”).
動詞
bear (third-person singular simple present bears, present participle bearing, simple past bore or (古風な用法) bare, past participle borne or (see usage notes) born)
- (chiefly transitive) To carry or convey, literally or figuratively.
- (transitive, of weapons, flags または symbols of rank, office, etc.) To carry upon one's person, especially visibly; to be equipped with.
- (transitive, of garments, pieces of jewellery, etc.) To wear. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (transitive, rarely intransitive, of a woman または female animal) To carry (offspring in the womb), to be pregnant (with).
- (transitive) To have or display (a mark または other feature).
- 1859, Charles Darwin, Origin of Species iv. 88:
- (transitive) To display (a particular heraldic device) on a shield or coat of arms; to be entitled to wear or use (a heraldic device) as a coat of arms. [1400]
- (transitive) To present or exhibit (a particular outward appearance); to have (a certain look). [1200]
- (transitive) To have (a name, title, または designation). [1225]
- (transitive) To possess or enjoy (recognition, renown, a reputation, etc.); to have (a particular price, value, または worth). [1393]
- (transitive, of an investment, loan, etc.) To have (interest または a specified rate of interest) stipulated in its terms. [1686]
- (transitive, of a person または animal) To have (an appendage, organ, etc.) as part of the body; (of a part of the body) to have (an appendage).
- (transitive) To carry or hold in the mind; to experience, entertain, harbour (an idea, feeling, または emotion).
- (transitive, まれに) To feel and show (respect, reverence, loyalty, etc.) to, towards, or unto a person or thing.
- (transitive) To possess inherently (a quality, attribute, power, または capacity); to have and display as an essential characteristic.
- (transitive, of a thing) To have (a relation, correspondence, etc.) to something else. [1556]
- (transitive) To give (written または oral testimony または evidence); (figurative) to provide or constitute (evidence または proof), give witness.
- His achievements bear testimony to his ability.
- (transitive) To have (a certain meaning, intent, または effect).
- 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, OCLC 223202227:
- Her sentence bore that she should stand a certain time upon the platform.
- (reflexive, transitive) To behave or conduct (oneself).
- (transitive, まれに) To possess and use, to exercise (power または influence); to hold (an office, rank, または position).
- (intransitive, obsolete) To carry a burden or burdens. [1450]
- (transitive, obsolete, まれに) To take or bring (a person) with oneself; to conduct. [1590]
- c. 1594, William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
- Bear them to my house.
- To support, sustain, or endure.
- (transitive) To support or sustain; to hold up.
- (now transitive outside certain set patterns such as 'bear with'; formerly also intransitive) To endure or withstand (hardship, scrutiny, etc.); to tolerate; to be patient (with).
- (transitive) To sustain, or be answerable for (blame, expense, responsibility, etc.).
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Isaiah 53:11:
- He shall bear their iniquities.
- 1753, John Dryden, The Spanish Friar: or, the Double Discovery, Tonson and Draper, p. 64:
- What have you gotten there under your arm, Daughter? somewhat, I hope, that will bear your Charges in your Pilgrimage.
- (transitive) To admit or be capable of (a meaning); to suffer or sustain without violence, injury, or change.
- 1724, Jonathan Swift, Drapier's Letters
- In all criminal cases the most favourable interpretation should be put on words that they can possibly bear.
- 1724, Jonathan Swift, Drapier's Letters
- (transitive) To warrant, justify the need for.
- (transitive) To support or sustain; to hold up.
- To support, keep up, or maintain.
- (transitive) To afford, to be something to someone, to supply with something. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- 1732–4, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Man, Longmans, Green & Co, 1879, bear%20him%20company%20pope&hl=de&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 10:
- (transitive) To carry on, or maintain; to have. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (transitive) To afford, to be something to someone, to supply with something. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- To press or impinge upon.
- (intransitive, usually with on, upon, または against) To push, thrust, press.
- (intransitive, figuratively) To take effect; to have influence or force; to be relevant.
- (intransitive, military, usually with on または upon) Of a weapon, to be aimed at an enemy or other target.
- (intransitive, usually with on, upon, または against) To push, thrust, press.
- To produce, yield, give birth to.
- (transitive) To give birth to (someone または something) (may take the father of the direct object as an indirect object).
- (transitive, less commonly intransitive) To produce or yield something, such as fruit or crops.
- 1688, John Dryden, Britannia Rediviva
- Betwixt two seasons comes th' auspicious air, / This age to blossom, and the next to bear.
- (transitive) To give birth to (someone または something) (may take the father of the direct object as an indirect object).
- (intransitive, originally 航海) To be, or head, in a specific direction or azimuth (from somewhere).
- (transitive, obsolete) To gain or win.
使用する際の注意点
- The past participle of bear is usually borne:
- However, when bear is used in the passive voice to mean "to be given birth to" literally or figuratively (e.g. be created, be the result of), the form used to form all tenses is born:
- She was born on May 3.
- Racism is usually born out of a real or feared loss of power to a minority or a real or feared decrease in relative prosperity compared to that of the minority.
- Born three years earlier, he was the eldest of his siblings.
- "The idea to create [the Blue Ridge Parkway] was born in the travail of the Great Depression […] ." (Tim Pegram, The Blue Ridge Parkway by Foot: A Park Ranger's Memoir, →ISBN, 2007, page 1)
- Both spellings have been used in the construction born(e) into the world/family and born(e) to someone (as a child). The borne spellings are more frequent in older and religious writings.
- He was born(e) to Mr. Smith.
- She was born(e) into the most powerful family in the city.
- "[M]y father was borne to a Swedish mother and a Norwegian father, both devout Lutherans." (David Ross, Good Morning Corfu: Living Abroad Against All Odds, →ISBN, 2009)
- In some colloquial speech, beared can be found for both the simple past and the past participle, although it is usually considered nonstandard and avoided in writing. Similarly, bore may be extended to the past participle; the same provisos apply for this form.
同意語
- (to put up with something): brook, endure; See also Thesaurus:tolerate
派生語
参照
名詞
bear (uncountable)
- Alternative spelling of bere (“barley”).
語源 4
Middle English bere (“pillowcase”), of obscure origin, but compare 古期英語 hlēor-bera (“cheek-cover”). Possibly cognate to Low German büre, whence German Bühre, which in turn has been compared to French bure.
名詞
bear (uncountable)
- (obsolete) A pillowcase; a fabric case or covering as for a pillow.
- 1742, William Ellis, The London and Country Brewer [...] Fourth Edition, page 36:
- 1850, Samuel Tymms, Wills and Inventories from the Registers of the Commissary of Bury St. Edmunds and the Archdeacon of Sudbury, page 116:
- 1858, Journal of the Statistical Society of London, page 409:
- 1905, Emily Wilder Leavitt, Palmer Groups: John Melvin of Charlestown and Concord, Mass. and His Descendants ; Gathered and Arranged for Mr. Lowell Mason Palmer of New York, page 24:
- 1941, Minnie Hite Moody, Long Meadows, page 71:
ウィキペディア英語版での「bear」の意味 |
Bear
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/07/13 18:48 UTC 版)
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bearのページの著作権
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Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL). Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wikipedia英語版」の記事は、WikipediaのBear (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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