scarとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English scar, scarre, a conflation of Old French escare (“scab”) (from Late Latin eschara, from Ancient Greek ἐσχάρα (eskhára, “scab left from a burn”), and thus a doublet of eschar) and Middle English skar (“incision, cut, fissure”) (from Old Norse skarð (“notch, chink, gap”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz (“gap, cut, fragment”)). Akin to Old Norse skor (“notch, score”), 古期英語 sċeard (“gap, cut, notch”). More at shard.

Displaced native 古期英語 dolgswæþ.

名詞

scar (複数形 scars)

1. A permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.
2. (by extension) A permanent negative effect on someone's mind, caused by a traumatic experience.
   • 2011, O. P. Sharma, Be a Winner, →ISBN:

     Thus, it is wise to avoid cultivating an emotional scar, as it can play havoc with your happiness and success.

3. Any permanent mark resulting from damage.
   • 1961, Dorothy Jensen Neal, Captive mountain waters: a story of pipelines and people (page 29)

     Her age-old weapons, flood and fire, left scars on the canyon which time will never efface.

同意語

• cicatrice, cicatrix

関連する語

• fire scar
• Red Scar
• scar tissue

動詞

scar (三人称単数 現在形 scars, 現在分詞 scarring, 過去形および過去分詞形 scarred)

1. (transitive) To mark the skin permanently.
   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene ii]:

     Yet I'll not shed her blood; / Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow.

2. (intransitive) To form a scar.
   • 1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:

     Iron and coal were the magnets that drew railways to this land of lovely valleys and silent mountains—for such it was a century-and-a-half ago, before man blackened the valleys with the smoke of his forges, scarred the green hills with his shafts and waste-heaps, and drove the salmon from the quiet Rhondda and the murmuring Taff.

   • 2002, Zadie Smith, The Autograph Man, Penguin Books (2003), page 161:

     And black skin scars badly. Whatʼs left behind stays pink and angry, always.

3. (transitive, figuratively) To affect deeply in a traumatic manner.

   Seeing his parents die in a car crash scarred him for life.

派生語

• battle-scarred

参考

• birthmark

語源 2

From Middle English scarre, skarr, skerre, sker, a borrowing from Old Norse sker (“an isolated rock in the sea; skerry”). Cognate with Icelandic sker, Norwegian skjær, Swedish skär, Danish skær, German Schäre. Doublet of skerry.

名詞

scar (複数形 scars)

1. A cliff or rock outcrop.
   • 1847, Tennyson, “The Bugle Song”, in The Princess:

     O hark, O hear! how thin and clear, / ⁠And thinner, clearer, farther going! / O sweet and far from cliff and scar / ⁠The horns of Elfland faintly blowing!

   • 1954, William Golding, chapter 1, in Lord of the Flies, Penguin:

     All round him the long scar smashed into the jungle was a bath of heat. He was clambering heavily among the creepers and broken trunks when a bird, a vision of red and yellow, flashed upwards with a witch-like cry; and this cry was echoed by another. “Hi!” it said. “Wait a minute!” The undergrowth at the side of the scar was shaken and a multitude of raindrops fell pattering.

2. A rock in the sea breaking out from the surface of the water.
3. A bare rocky place on the side of a hill or mountain.

語源 3

From Latin scarus (“a kind of fish”), from Ancient Greek σκάρος (skáros, “parrot wrasse, Sparisoma cretense, syn. Scarus cretensis”).

名詞

scar (複数形 scars)

1. A marine food fish, the scarus or parrotfish (family Scaridae).

アナグラム

• CRAs, RACs, arcs, ascr., cars, csar, sacr-, sarc-