iceとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English is, from 古期英語 īs (“ice”), from Proto-Germanic *īsą (compare West Frisian iis, Dutch ijs, German Low German Ies, German Eis, Danish, Swedish かつ Norwegian is), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-. Compare Lithuanian ýnis (“glazed frost”), Russian и́ней (ínej, “hoarfrost”), Ossetian их (ix), ех (ex, “ice”), Persian یخ‎ (yax), Kurdish qeş.

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /aɪs/
• (Canada, many 米国発音 accents) IPA^(key): [ʌɪs]
• 韻: -aɪs

名詞

ice (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 ices)

1. (uncountable) Water in frozen (solid) form.
   • c. 1599–1602, William Shake-speare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (First Quarto), London: Printed [by Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and Iohn Trundell, published 1603, OCLC 84758312, [Act III, scene i]:

     If thou doſt marry, Ile giue thee / This plague to thy dowry: / Be thou as chaſte as yce, as pure as ſnowe, / Thou ſhalt not ſcape calumny, to a Nunnery goe.

   • 1882, Popular Science Monthly (volume 20), "The Freezing of a Salt Lake"

     It has always been difficult to explain how ice is formed on the surface of oceans while the temperature of maximum density is lower than that of cogelation, and the observations on this lake were instituted in the hope that they might throw light upon the subject.

   • 2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist‎^[1], volume 407, number 8835, page 80:

     Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.

2. (uncountable, physics, astronomy) Any frozen volatile chemical, such as ammonia or carbon dioxide.
3. (uncountable, astronomy) Any volatile chemical, such as water, ammonia, or carbon dioxide, not necessarily in solid form.
4. (countable) A frozen dessert made of fruit juice, water and sugar.
5. (Britain, countable, dated) An ice cream.
6. (uncountable) Any substance having the appearance of ice.
7. (uncountable, slang) One or more diamonds.
   • 2005, Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), “Stay Fly”, in Most Known Unknown‎^[2], Sony BMG, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, かつ MJG):

     Ice on the wrist with the ice in the chains.

8. (uncountable, slang, drugs) Crystal form of amphetamine-based drugs.
9. (uncountable, ice hockey) The area where a game of ice hockey is played.
   • 2006, CBC, Finland, Sweden 'the dream final', February 26 2002,

     The neighbouring countries have enjoyed many great battles on the ice. They last met for gold at the 1998 world championship, won by Sweden. Three years earlier, Finland bested Sweden for the only world title in its history.

10. (slang) Money paid as a bribe.
    • 1960, United States. Congress, Congressional Record

      Theater operators, theater party agents, playwrights, and others who have ready access to tickets may get in on the “ice” and sometimes the producer is in on it too.

    • 1970, Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates

      This “ice” is bribe money paid to public officials to purchase protection for illegal activities. […] Just consider the “ice” money available to the men involved in the examples just cited.

下位語

派生語

動詞

ice (三人称単数 現在形 ices, 現在分詞 icing, 過去形および過去分詞形 iced)

1. (transitive) To cool with ice, as a beverage.
   • 2008, Deirdre Pitney, ‎Donna Dourney, Triathlon Training For Dummies (page 240)

     To treat runner's knee, you need to rest from running or any other high-impact activity, ice the knee, and strengthen the quadriceps through weight training.

2. (intransitive) To become ice; to freeze.
3. (transitive) To make icy; to freeze.
4. (transitive, slang) To murder.
5. (transitive) To cover with icing (frosting made of sugar かつ milk または white of egg); to frost; as cakes, tarts, etc.
6. (ice hockey) To put out a team for a match.

   Milton Keynes have yet to ice a team this season

7. (ice hockey) To shoot the puck the length of the playing surface, causing a stoppage in play called icing.

   If the Bruins ice the puck, the faceoff will be in their own zone.

派生語

Further reading

• “Ice” in David Barthelmy, Webmineral Mineralogy Database^[3], 1997–.
• “ice”, in Mindat.org‎^[4], Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed 29 August 2016.
• ice on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• CEI, EIC, IEC

Latin

動詞

īce

1. second-person singular present active imperative of īciō

派生語

• pederastice

アナグラム

• CEI, EIC, IEC

Latin

接尾辞

-ice

1. vocative masculine singular of -icus

Usage note

This is the customary abbreviation of this term as used in case citations. See, e.g., The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, Nineteenth Edition (2010), "Geographical Terms: Foreign countries and regions", Table T10.3, p. 438-443.