policeとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音, General Australian, General American, Scotland) IPA^(key): /pəˈliːs/, [pʰə̆ˈliˑs]
• (England, 口語) IPA^(key): /ˈpliːs/
• (Southern American English, AAVE) IPA^(key): /ˈpoʊ.liːs/
• 韻: -iːs
• ハイフネーション: po‧lice

名詞

police pl (normally 複数形, 単数形 police)

1. A civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order. [from 18th c.]

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:police

   Call the police!

   The police operating in New York City operate under the New York City Police Department, several other city agencies and boards, and several public authorities.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 18, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     ‘Then the father has a great fight with his terrible conscience,’ said Munday with granite seriousness. ‘Should he make a row with the police […] ? Or should he say nothing about it and condone brutality for fear of appearing in the newspapers?

   • 2012 July 16, Jonathan Nolan and Christopher Nolan, The Dark Knight Rises, Warner Bros. Pictures, spoken by Peter Foley (Matthew Modine):

     There’s only one police in this town.

2. (regional, chiefly US, Caribbean, Jamaican, Scotland) A police officer. [from 19th c.]

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:police officer

   • 2006, David Simon, Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets‎^[2], →ISBN, page 440:

     This time it is the worst kind of call a murder police can get.

3. (figuratively) People who seek to enforce norms or standards.

   thought police

   • 2010, Mary Beard, It's a Don's Life, →ISBN, page 147:

     Then there were the taste police, who thought that this bulky modern machine was an inappropriate intrusion […]

   • 2016 February 5, “How the circumflex became France's bête noire”, in The Guardian‎^[3]:

     A major drama has broken out in France after the local language police decreed one of their cute little accents to be largely redundant

4. (military, slang) The duty of cleaning up.
   • 1907, Hearings Before the Committee on Military Affairs, United States Senate, concerning the Affray at Brownsville, Tex. on the Night of August 13 and 14, 1906 (volume 2)

     Q. […] What did you do that day? — A. I was cleaning up around quarters.
     Q. You had been on guard and went on police duty? You were policing, cleaning up around the barracks? — A. Yes, sir.

5. (obsolete) Policy. [15th-19th c.]
6. (obsolete) Communal living; civilization. [16th-19th c.]
7. (now rare, historical) The regulation of a given community or society; administration, law and order etc. [from 17th c.]
   • 2002, Colin Jones, The Greta Nation, Penguin 2003, page 218:

     The notion of ‘police’ – that is, rational administration – was seen as a historical force which could bring civilized improvement to societies.

派生語

関連する語

動詞

police (三人称単数 現在形 polices, 現在分詞 policing, 過去形および過去分詞形 policed)

1. (transitive) To enforce the law and keep order among (a group).

   Extra security was hired to police the crowd at the big game.

   • 2012 May 24, Nathan Rabin, “Film: Reviews: Men In Black 3”, in The Onion AV Club:

     Smith returns in Men In Black 3 as a veteran agent of a secret organization dedicated to policing the earth’s many extraterrestrials.

   • 2013 August 10, Schumpeter, “Cronies and capitols”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

     Policing the relationship between government and business in a free society is difficult. Businesspeople have every right to lobby governments, and civil servants to take jobs in the private sector. Governments have to find the best people to fill important jobs: there is a limited supply of people who understand the financial system, for example.

   • 2021 July 28, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Confusion and dissent over face mask requirements: Reaction to the Guidance: Train operators”, in RAIL, number 936, page 7:

     Train operators were reluctant to speak to RAIL on the record, but one responded: "The unions are rightly very clear that they don't want staff policing face coverings after the removal of legal backing.

2. (transitive, intransitive, military, slang) To clean up an area.
   • 1900, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, Proceedings of the eighth annual meeting

     This comes to him through the company housekeeping, for in the field each organization takes care of itself, cooks its own food, makes its own beds, does its own policing (cleaning up); […]

   • 1907, Hearings Before the Committee on Military Affairs, United States Senate, concerning the Affray at Brownsville, Tex. on the Night of August 13 and 14, 1906 (volume 2)

     Q. […] What did you do that day? — A. I was cleaning up around quarters.
     Q. You had been on guard and went on police duty? You were policing, cleaning up around the barracks? — A. Yes, sir.

   • 1986, Oliver Stone, Platoon (film script)

     ELIAS: Police up your extra ammo and frags, don't leave nothing for the dinks.

   • 2006, Robert B. Parker, Hundred-Dollar Baby, Putnam, →ISBN, page 275,

     "Fire off several rounds in a residential building and stop to police the brass?"

3. (transitive, figuratively) To enforce norms or standards upon.

   to police a person's identity

派生語

• self-police
• tone policing

アナグラム

• ecilop