licetとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Italic *likēt, from Proto-Indo-European *lik-eh₁-yéti, from a root of the shape *leyk-, though there are no certain cognates outside of Italic. Cognate with liceor, liceō, Oscan 𐌋𐌝𐌊𐌝𐌕𐌖𐌃 (líkítud, “it is permitted”); outside of Italic, compare perhaps Lithuanian reikė́ti (“to need”).

動詞

licet (present infinitive licēre, perfect active licuit or licitus est, supine licitum); second conjugation, third person-only, optionally semi-deponent, no passive

1. to be allowed; to be permitted [with dative]

   Licetne pauca?

   May I speak a word with you?

   (literally, “Are a few [words] permitted?”)

   Quod licet Iovī, nōn licet bovī

   Gods may do what cattle may not

   (literally, “What is permissible for Jupiter is not permissible for an ox”)

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.7:

     […] quī dīcerent sibi esse in animō sine ūllō maleficiō iter per prōvinciam facere, proptereā quod aliud iter habērent nūllum; rogāre ut ēius voluntāte id sibi facere liceat.

     [These envoys] were to say that they intended to make a journey through the province without any harm, for the reason that they had no other route; [and] they were to ask that it be permitted to do so with his consent.

   • 16 BCE, Ovidius, Amores 3.4:

     Cui peccare licet, peccat minus.

     To whom it is allowed to sin, sins less.

2. although, even if [with subjunctive; or (post-classical) with indicative]
   • c. 100 CE – c. 130 CE, Juvenalis, Saturae 1.105:

     licet ipse negam

     even if I were to deny it

Conjugation

At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

派生語

派生した語

• Franco-Provençal: lêsir
• Old French: loisir, leisir, licence
  • French: loisir, loisible
  • Angevin: laisir, laisible
  • Gallo: laisir, laisible
  • Norman: leisir, leisible
    • → English: leisure, license
  • → Old Galician-Portuguese: lezer
    • Galician: lecer
    • Portuguese: lazer
• Old Irish: cet
  • Irish: cead
  • Scottish Gaelic: cead

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

動詞

licet

1. third-person singular present active indicative of liceō

参照

Further reading

• “licet”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “licet”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “licet”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • this much I can vouch for: illud pro certo affirmare licet
    
  • allow me to say: pace tua dixerim or dicere liceat
    
  • I have no objection: per me licet
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 669