bedとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音, General American) IPA^(key): /bɛd/
• (AAVE, some speakers) IPA^(key): [beː]
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /bed/
• 韻: -ɛd

名詞

bed (複数形 beds)

1. A piece of furniture, usually flat and soft, on which to rest or sleep.

   My cat often sleeps on my bed.

   I keep a glass of water next to my bed when I sleep.

   • 1762, Charles Johnstone, The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools, volume 2, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine, →OCLC, page 202:

     At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſhe ſtole out of her bed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign to ſteal them […].

   1. A prepared spot in which to spend the night.

      When camping, he usually makes a bed for the night from hay and a blanket.

   2. (usually after a preposition) One's place of sleep or rest.

      Go to bed!

      I had breakfast in bed this morning.

   3. (uncountable, usually after a preposition) Sleep; rest; getting to sleep.

      He's been afraid of bed since he saw the scary film.

   4. (uncountable, usually after a preposition) The time for going to sleep or resting in bed; bedtime.

      I read until bed.

   5. (uncountable) Time spent in a bed.
      • 1903, Thomas Stretch Dowse, Lectures on Massage and Electricity in the Treatment of Disease, page 276:

        I am quite sure that too much bed, if not too much sleep, is prejudicial, though a certain amount is absolutely necessary.

      • 1907, Jabez Spencer Balfour, My Prison Life, page 181:

        Some prisoners, indeed, are always up before the bell rings — such was my practice — they prefer to grope about in the dark to tossing about in the utter weariness of too much bed.

      • 1972, James Verney Cable, Principles of Medicine: An Integrated Textbook for Nurses:

        This condition is one of the dangers of "too much bed". The nurse should inspect the legs of each patient daily

   6. (figurative) Marriage.
      • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:

        George, the eldest son of his second bed.

   7. (figurative, uncountable) Sexual activity.

      Too much bed, not enough rest.

   8. Clipping of bedroom.

      2 beds, 1 bath

2. A place, or flat surface or layer, on which something else rests or is laid.

   The meats and cheeses lay on a bed of lettuce.

   1. The bottom of a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river. [from later 16^thc.]

      sea bed

      river bed

      There's a lot of trash on the bed of the river.

   2. An area where a large number of oysters, mussels, other sessile shellfish, or a large amount of seaweed is found.

      Oysters are farmed from their beds.

      • 1941, Emily Carr, chapter 18, in Klee Wyck‎^[1]:

        I knew that there were kelp beds and reefs which could rip the bottoms from boats down in Skedans Bay.

   3. A garden plot.

      We added a new bush to our rose bed.

      • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, “Afterglow”, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC, page 168:

        Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.

   4. A foundation or supporting surface formed of a fluid.

      A bed of concrete makes a strong subsurface for an asphalt parking lot.

   5. The superficial earthwork, or ballast, of a railroad.
   7. The platform of a truck, trailer, railcar, or other vehicle that supports the load to be hauled.

      Synonym: tray

      The parcels were loaded onto the truck bed before transportation.

   8. A shaped piece of timber to hold a cask clear of a ship’s floor; a pallet.
   9. (printing, dated) The flat part of the press, on which the form is laid.
   10. (computing) The flat surface of a scanner on which a document is placed to be scanned.
   11. A piece of music, normally instrumental, over which a radio DJ talks.
   12. (darts) Any of the sections of a dartboard with a point value, delimited by a wire.
   13. (trampoline) The taut surface of a trampoline.
       • 2000, Sports: The Complete Visual Reference‎^[2]:

         These 5 judges mark the athlete's staying in the center of the bed, uniformity of bounce heights, and general style.

3. (heading) A layer or surface.
   1. A deposit of ore, coal, etc.
   2. (geology) The smallest division of a geologic formation or stratigraphic rock series marked by well-defined divisional planes (bedding planes) separating it from layers above and below.

      Synonyms: layer, stratum

   3. (masonry) The horizontal surface of a building stone.

      the upper and lower beds

   4. (masonry) The lower surface of a brick, slate, or tile^[1].
   5. (masonry) A course of stone or brick in a wall.

使用する際の注意点

Sense 1. To prepare a bed is usually to "make" the bed, or (米国用法, Southern) to "spread" the bed, the verb spread probably having been developed from bedspread. Like many nouns denoting places where people spend time, bed requires no article after certain prepositions: hence in bed (“lying in a bed”), go to bed (“get into a bed”), and so on. The forms in a bed, etc. do exist, but tend to imply mere presence in the bed, without it being for the purpose of sleep.

See also Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take

派生語

派生した語

• → Chichewa: bedi
• → Chuukese: pet
• → Esperanto: bedo
• → Japanese: ベッド (beddo)

動詞

bed (三人称単数 現在形 beds, 現在分詞 bedding, 過去形および過去分詞形 bedded)

1. Senses relating to a bed as a place for resting or sleeping.
   1. (intransitive) To go to bed; to put oneself to sleep.

      I usually listen to music before I bed.

   2. (transitive) To place in a bed.
      • 1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, →OCLC:

        For she was not only publicly contracted, but stated as a bride, and solemnly bedded, and after she was laid, there came in Maximilian's ambassador with letters of procuration

   3. (transitive) To furnish with a bed or bedding.
   4. (transitive, intransitive) To have sexual intercourse (with). [from early 14th c.]

      Synonyms: coitize, go to bed with, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

      • 1730, William Forbes, The Institutes of the Law of Scotland, page 121:

        And he who lies with another Man's Wife after she is married, even before her Husband had bedded with her, is guilty of Adultery, […]

   5. (intransitive, hunting) Of large game animals: to be at rest.
2. Senses relating to a bed as a place or layer on which something else rests or is laid.
   1. (transitive) To lay or put in any hollow place, or place of rest and security, surrounded or enclosed; to embed.
      • 1810/1835, William Wordsworth, Guide to the Lakes

        Among all chains or clusters of mountains where large bodies of still water are bedded.

      • 2014 August 17, Jeff Howell, “Home improvements: Repairing and replacing floorboards [print version: Never buy anything from a salesman, 16 August 2014, p. P7]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Property)‎^[3]:

        But I must warn you that chipboard floors are always likely to squeak. The material is still being used in new-builds, but developers now use adhesive to bed and joint it, rather than screws or nails. I suspect the adhesive will eventually embrittle and crack, resulting in the same squeaking problems as before.

   2. (transitive) To set in a soft matrix, as paving stones in sand, or tiles in cement.
   3. (transitive) To set out (plants) in a garden bed.
   4. (transitive) To dress or prepare the surface of (stone) so it can serve as a bed.
   5. (transitive) To lay flat; to lay in order; to place in a horizontal or recumbent position.
      • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:

        Your bedded hair like life in excrements

   6. To settle, as machinery.

派生語

• bed down
• embed

参照

Further reading

• bed on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• BDE, DBE, DEB, Deb, Deb., EBD, Edb., deb

発音

• IPA^(key): /bed/

名詞

bed n

1. Alternative form of bedd