wedgeとは

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /wɛdʒ/
• ハイフネーション: wedge
• 韻: -ɛdʒ

語源 1

Middle English wegge (“wedge”), from 古期英語 wecg (“wedge”), from Proto-Germanic *wagjaz.

名詞

wedge (複数形 wedges)

A wedge

Wedge in geometry.

1. One of the simple machines; a piece of material, such as metal or wood, thick at one edge and tapered to a thin edge at the other for insertion in a narrow crevice, used for splitting, tightening, securing, or levering.

   Stick a wedge under the door, will you? It keeps blowing shut.

2. A piece (of food, etc.) having this shape.

   Can you cut me a wedge of cheese?

   We ordered a box of baked potato wedges with our pizza.

3. (geometry) A five-sided polyhedron with a rectangular base, two rectangular or trapezoidal sides meeting in an edge, and two triangular ends.
4. (figuratively) Something that creates a division, gap or distance between things.
   • 2013 September 28, Kenan Malik, "London Is Special, but Not That Special," New York Times (retrieved 28 September 2013):

     It is one of the ironies of capital cities that each acts as a symbol of its nation, and yet few are even remotely representative of it. London has always set itself apart from the rest of Britain — but political, economic and social trends are conspiring to drive that wedge deeper.

5. (archaic) A flank of cavalry acting to split some portion of an opposing army, charging in an inverted V formation.
6. (golf) A type of iron club used for short, high trajectories.
7. A group of geese, swans or other birds when they are in flight in a V formation.
8. One of a pair of wedge-heeled shoes.
   • 2010, Sue Limb, Girls, Guilty But Somehow Glorious

     She was wearing wedges, and I have a horrible suspicion they were her mum's wedges left over from the last century.

9. (colloquial, Britain) A quantity of money.

   I made a big fat wedge from that job.

10. (typography, US) háček
    • 1982, Thomas Pyles and John Algeo, The Origins and Development of the English Language (3rd ed.), page 49

      The wedge is used in Czech and is illustrated by the Czech name for the diacritic, haček.

    • 1996, Geoffrey Keith Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide (2nd ed.), page xxvi

      The tilde and the circumflex have a place in the ASCII scheme but the wedge and the umlaut do not.

    • 1999, Florian Coulmas, The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems, page 193, “háček”

      The háček or ‘wedge’ ⟨ˇ⟩ is a diacritic commonly used in Slavic orthographies. […] As a tone mark the wedge is used iconically for a falling-rising tone as in Chinese Pinyin.

11. (phonetics) The IPA character ⟨ʌ⟩, which denotes an open-mid back unrounded vowel.
    • 1996, Geoffrey Keith Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide (2nd ed.), page 19

      Turned V is referred to as “Wedge” by some phoneticians, but this seems inadvisable to us, because the haček accent (ˇ) is also called that in names like Wedge C for (č).

12. (mathematics) The symbol ∧, denoting a meet (infimum) operation or logical conjunction.
13. (meteorology) a wedge tornado

同意語

• (group of geese): skein
• (phonetics: IPA character ⟨ʌ⟩): turned v

派生語

• wedge gauge, wedge gage
• wedge gear

動詞

wedge (三人称単数 現在形 wedges, 現在分詞 wedging, 過去形および過去分詞形 wedged)

1. To support or secure using a wedge.

   I wedged open the window with a screwdriver.

   • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1

     "Did he take his bottle well?" Mrs. Flanders whispered, and Rebecca nodded and went to the cot and turned down the quilt, and Mrs. Flanders bent over and looked anxiously at the baby, asleep, but frowning. The window shook, and Rebecca stole like a cat and wedged it.

2. To force into a narrow gap.

   He had wedged the package between the wall and the back of the sofa.

3. To work wet clay by cutting or kneading for the purpose of homogenizing the mass and expelling air bubbles.
4. (computing, informal, intransitive) Of a computer program or system: to get stuck in an unresponsive state.

   My Linux kernel wedged after I installed the latest update.

派生語

語源 2

From Wedgewood, surname of the person who occupied this position on the first list of 1828.

名詞

wedge (複数形 wedges)

1. (Britain, Cambridge University スラング) The person whose name stands lowest on the list of the classical tripos.
   • 1873, Charles Astor Bristed, Five Years in an English University

     The last man is called the Wedge, corresponding to the Spoon in Mathematics.

同意語

• wooden wedge

参考

• wooden spoon