wedgeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /wɛd͡ʒ/
• ハイフネーション: wedge
• 韻: -ɛd͡ʒ

語源 1

Middle English wegge (“wedge”), from 古期英語 weċġ (“wedge”), from Proto-Germanic *wagjaz.

名詞

wedge (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 wedges)

1. One of the simple machines; a piece of material, such as metal or wood, thick at one edge and tapered to a thin edge at the other for insertion in a narrow crevice, used for splitting, tightening, securing, or levering.

   Stick a wedge under the door, will you? It keeps blowing shut.

2. A piece (of food, metal, wood etc.) having this shape.

   Can you cut me a wedge of cheese?

   We ordered a box of baked potato wedges with our pizza.

3. (figurative) Something that creates a division, gap or distance between things.
   • 2013 September 28, Kenan Malik, "London Is Special, but Not That Special," New York Times (retrieved 28 September 2013):

     It is one of the ironies of capital cities that each acts as a symbol of its nation, and yet few are even remotely representative of it. London has always set itself apart from the rest of Britain — but political, economic and social trends are conspiring to drive that wedge deeper.

4. (geometry) A five-sided polyhedron with a rectangular base, two rectangular or trapezoidal sides meeting in an edge, and two triangular ends.
5. (architecture) A voussoir, one of the wedge-shaped blocks forming an arch or vault.
6. (archaic) A flank of cavalry acting to split some portion of an opposing army, charging in an inverted V formation.
7. A group of geese, swans, or other birds when they are in flight in a V formation.
8. (golf) A type of iron club used for short, high trajectories.
9. One of a pair of wedge-heeled shoes.
   • 2010, Sue Limb, Girls, Guilty But Somehow Glorious:

     She was wearing wedges, and I have a horrible suspicion they were her mum's wedges left over from the last century.

10. (obsolete) An ingot.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

      Open the Males, yet guard the treaſure ſure.
      Lay out our golden wedges to the view,
      That their reflexions may amaze the Perſeans.

11. (obsolete, slang, uncountable) Silver or items made of silver collectively.
12. (colloquial, Britain, countable, uncountable) A quantity of money.

    I made a big fat wedge from that job.

13. (US, regional) A sandwich made on a long, cylindrical roll.

    I ordered a chicken parm wedge from the deli.

    • 1983, Marlene Fanta Shyer, Adorable Sunday, Scholastic:

      She hoped it wasn't a meatball wedge, because there's so much garlic in school meatballs that it might make my breath smell and knock the agent out of his chair.

    • 2019 October 10, Mark Lungariello, “It's called a wedge in Westchester: Not a hoagie, sub or a grinder”, in The Journal News‎^[1]:

      Most people realize there are a lot of different names for that type of sandwich, so Scalone wondered what was so funny about wedge?

14. One of the basic elements that make up cuneiform writing, a single triangular impression made with the corner of a reed stylus.
15. Any symbol shaped like a V in some given orientation.
    1. (typography, US) A háček.
       • 1982, Thomas Pyles and John Algeo, The Origins and Development of the English Language (3rd ed.), page 49

         The wedge is used in Czech and is illustrated by the Czech name for the diacritic, haček.

       • 1996, Geoffrey Keith Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide (2nd ed.), page xxvi

         The tilde and the circumflex have a place in the ASCII scheme but the wedge and the umlaut do not.

       • 1999, Florian Coulmas, The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems, page 193, “háček”

         The háček or ‘wedge’ ⟨ˇ⟩ is a diacritic commonly used in Slavic orthographies. […] As a tone mark the wedge is used iconically for a falling-rising tone as in Chinese Pinyin.

    2. (phonetics) The IPA character ʌ, which denotes an open-mid back unrounded vowel.
       • 1996, Geoffrey Keith Pullum and William A. Ladusaw, Phonetic Symbol Guide (2nd ed.), page 19

         Turned V is referred to as “Wedge” by some phoneticians, but this seems inadvisable to us, because the haček accent (ˇ) is also called that in names like Wedge C for (č).

    3. (mathematics) The symbol ∧, denoting a meet (infimum) operation or logical conjunction.
    4. (music) A hairpin, an elongated horizontal V-shaped sign indicating a crescendo or decrescendo.
16. (meteorology) A barometric ridge; an elongated region of high atmospheric pressure between two low-pressure areas.
17. (meteorology) A wedge tornado.
18. (finance) A market trend characterized by a contracting range in prices coupled with an upward trend in prices (a rising wedge) or a downward trend in prices (a falling wedge).

同意語

• (group of geese): skein
• (phonetics: IPA character ⟨ʌ⟩): turned v

派生語

• wedge gauge, wedge gage
• wedge gear
• wedge issue
• wedge politics

動詞

wedge (三人称単数 現在形 wedges, 現在分詞 wedging, 過去形および過去分詞形 wedged)

1. (transitive) To support or secure using a wedge.

   I wedged open the window with a screwdriver.

   • 1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:

     "Did he take his bottle well?" Mrs. Flanders whispered, and Rebecca nodded and went to the cot and turned down the quilt, and Mrs. Flanders bent over and looked anxiously at the baby, asleep, but frowning. The window shook, and Rebecca stole like a cat and wedged it.

2. (transitive, intransitive) To force into a narrow gap.

   He had wedged the package between the wall and the back of the sofa.

   I wedged into the alcove and listened carefully.

   • 2019 July 24, David Austin Walsh, “Flirting With Fascism”, in Jewish Currents‎^[2]:

     During [Tucker] Carlson’s keynote, he wedged sneers at his critics for crying “racist!” in between racist remarks about [Ilhan] Omar, jeremiads against the media (“I know there’s a bunch of reporters here, so . . . screw you”), and an attack on Elizabeth Warren and her donors (“She’s a tragedy, because she’s now obsessed with racism, which is why the finance world supports her”)—all to gleeful applause.

3. (transitive) To pack (people または animals) together tightly into a mass.
4. (transitive) To work wet clay by cutting or kneading for the purpose of homogenizing the mass and expelling air bubbles.
5. (computing, informal, intransitive) Of a computer program or system: to get stuck in an unresponsive state.

   My Linux kernel wedged after I installed the latest update.

6. (transitive) To cleave with a wedge.
7. (transitive) To force or drive with a wedge.
8. (transitive) To shape into a wedge.

派生語

語源 2

From Wedgewood, surname of the person who occupied this position on the first list of 1828.

名詞

wedge (複数形 wedges)

1. (UK, Cambridge University slang) The person whose name stands lowest on the list of the classical tripos.
   • 1873, Charles Astor Bristed, Five Years in an English University:

     The last man is called the Wedge, corresponding to the Spoon in Mathematics.

同意語

• wooden wedge

参考

• wooden spoon