distanceとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English distance, distaunce, destaunce, from Old French destance, from Latin distantia (“distance, remoteness, difference”), from distāns, present participle of distō (“I stand apart, I am separate, distant, または different”), from di-, dis- (“apart”) + stō (“I stand”). Compare Dutch afstand (“distance”, literally “off-stand, off-stance”), German Abstand.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɪs.tɪns/
• (weak vowel merger) IPA^(key): /ˈdɪs.təns/

名詞

distance (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 distances)

1. (countable) The amount of space between two points, usually geographical points, usually (but not necessarily) measured along a straight line.

   The distance to Petersborough is thirty miles.

   From Moscow, the distance is relatively short to Saint Petersburg, relatively long to Novosibirsk, but even greater to Vladivostok.

   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 5, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly, […], down the nave to the western door. […] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced group stopped to say the last prayer.

2. Length or interval of time.
   • (Can we date this quote by Matthew Prior かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     ten years' distance between one and the other

   • (Can we date this quote by John Playfair かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     the writings of Euclid at the distance of two thousand years

3. (countable, informal) The difference; the subjective measure between two quantities.

   We're narrowing the distance between the two versions of the bill.  The distance between the lowest and next gear on my bicycle is annoying.

4. Remoteness of place; a remote place.
   • (Can we date this quote by Washington Irving かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     easily managed from a distance

   • (Can we date this quote by Thomas Campbell (poet) and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)

     'Tis distance lends enchantment to the view.

   • (Can we date this quote by Joseph Addison かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     [He] waits at distance till he hears from Cato.

5. Remoteness in succession or relation.

   the distance between a descendant and his ancestor

6. A space marked out in the last part of a racecourse.
   • (Can we date this quote by Roger L'Estrange かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     the horse that ran the whole field out of distance

7. (uncountable, figuratively) The entire amount of progress to an objective.

   He had promised to perform this task, but did not go the distance.

8. (uncountable, figuratively) A withholding of intimacy; alienation; variance.

   The friendship did not survive the row: they kept each other at a distance.

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Setting them [factions] at distance, or at least distrust amongst themselves.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 8”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     On the part of Heaven, / Now alienated, distance and distaste.

   • 1892, Walter Besant, chapter III, in The Ivory Gate: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], OCLC 16832619:

     In former days every tavern of repute kept such a room for its own select circle, a club, or society, of habitués, who met every evening, for a pipe and a cheerful glass. […] Strangers might enter the room, but they were made to feel that they were there on sufferance: they were received with distance and suspicion.

9. The remoteness or reserve which respect requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness.
   • (Can we date this quote by John Dryden かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     I hope your modesty / Will know what distance to the crown is due.

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Atterbury かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     'Tis by respect and distance that authority is upheld.

10. The space measured back from the winning-post which a racehorse running in a heat must reach when the winner has covered the whole course, in order to run in the final heat.

同意語

• (remoteness): farness

派生語

関連する語

• distant

動詞

distance (三人称単数 現在形 distances, 現在分詞 distancing, 過去形および過去分詞形 distanced)

1. (transitive) To move away (from) someone or something.

   He distanced himself from the comments made by some of his colleagues.

2. (transitive) To leave at a distance; to outpace, leave behind.
   • 1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the "Stranger People's" Country, Nebraska 2005, p. 71:

     Then the horse, with muscles strong as steel, distanced the sound.

派生語

• outdistance

Further reading

• distance in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• distance in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• distance at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• danciest