arrestとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English arest (noun) and aresten (verb), from Old French areste (noun) and arester (“to stay, stop”, verb), from Vulgar Latin *arrestō, from Latin ad- (“to”) + restō (“to stop, remain behind, stay back”), from re- (“back”) + stō (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), equivalent to ad- +‎ rest. Compare French arrêter (“to stop”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /əˈɹɛst/
• ハイフネーション: ar‧rest
• 韻: -ɛst

名詞

arrest (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 arrests)

1. A check, stop, an act or instance of arresting something.
2. The condition of being stopped, standstill.
3. (law) The process of arresting a criminal, suspect etc.
4. A confinement, detention, as after an arrest.
5. A device to physically arrest motion.
6. (nautical) The judicial detention of a ship to secure a financial claim against its operators.
7. (obsolete) Any seizure by power, physical or otherwise.
   • 1673, Jeremy Taylor, Heniaytos: A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year […]

     The sad stories of fire from heaven, the burning of his sheep, etc., […] were sad arrests to his troubled spirit.

8. (farriery) A scurfiness of the back part of the hind leg of a horse^[1]

派生語

• arrest warrant
• cardiac arrest
• house arrest

動詞

arrest (三人称単数 現在形 arrests, 現在分詞 arresting, 過去形および過去分詞形 arrested)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To stop the motion of (a person, animal, または body part). [14th-19th c.]
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vii:

     An vncouth paine torments my grieued ſoule,
     And death arreſts the organe of my voyce.

   • 1708, John Philips, Cyder, book I, London: J. Tonson, page 11:

     Nor could her virtues, nor repeated vows Of thousand lovers, the relentless hand Of Death arrest;

   • 1952, Doris Lessing, Martha Quest, Panther 1974, p. 86:

     Mr. Van Rensberg broke the spell by arresting Martha as she trailed past him on Billy's arm, by pointing his pipestem at her and saying, ‘Hey, Matty, come here a minute.’

2. (obsolete, intransitive) To stay, remain. [14th-16th c.]
   • 1538, John Leland, Itineraries:

     A white Starre […] whiche to every mans sighte did lighte and arrest apon the Standard of Albry.

3. (transitive) To stop or slow (a process, course etc.). [from 14th c.]
   • 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 707:

     To try to arrest the spiral of violence, I contacted Chief Buthelezi to arrange a meeting.

   • 1997: Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, page 69 (Totem Books, Icon Books; →ISBN

     Knowledge replaced universal resemblance with finite differences. History was arrested and turned into tables …Western reason had entered the age of judgement.

4. (transitive) To seize (someone) with the authority of the law; to take into legal custody. [from 14th c.]

   The police have arrested a suspect in the murder inquiry.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     I arrest thee of high treason.

   • 1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn, Pt. I:

     The policeman who arrests the "Red" does not understand the theories the "Red" is preaching; if he did, his own position as bodyguard of the monied class might seem less pleasant to him.

5. (transitive) To catch the attention of. [from 19th c.]
   • 1919: P. G. Wodehouse, My Man Jeeves:

     There is something about this picture—something bold and vigorous, which arrests the attention. I feel sure it would be highly popular.

6. (intransitive, medicine) To undergo cardiac arrest.
   • 2004, Euan A. Ashley, Josef Niebauer, Cardiology Explained (page 66)

     Realizing the mistake immediately from the outline of the RCA on the fluoroscope screen, he rapidly removed the catheter – just as his patient arrested.

同意語

• (to stop the motion of): freeze, halt; See also Thesaurus:immobilize
• (to stay):
• (to stop または slow a process): cease, discontinue; See also Thesaurus:desist
• (to seize someone): apprehend, seize; See also Thesaurus:capture
• (to catch the attention of): attract, dazzle, engage, entice; See also Thesaurus:allure

派生語

• arrester, arrestor
• arrestment
• arresting
• arrestive

関連する語

• arrestation

参照

アナグラム

• Arters, arrêts, rarest, raster, raters, retars, starer, starre, tarres, terras