hinderとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• hindre (古風な用法)

語源 1

From Middle English hindren, from 古期英語 hindrian, from Proto-Germanic *hindrōną, *hinderōną (“to hinder”), from Proto-Germanic *hinder (“back”) (adverb). Cognate with Dutch hinderen and German hindern, Latin contra (“back, against”).

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈhɪndə/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈhɪndɚ/
• Rhymes: -ɪndə(ɹ)

動詞

hinder (三人称単数 現在形 hinders, 現在分詞 hindering, 過去形および過去分詞形 hindered)

1. (transitive) To make difficult to accomplish; to act as an obstacle; to frustrate.

   Synonyms: delay, frustrate, hamper, impede, obstruct, prevent, thwart; see also Thesaurus:hinder

   Antonyms: assist, expedite, facilitate, help

   A drought hinders the growth of plants.

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 75, column 2:

     We doubt not of a faire and luckie Warre, / Since God ſo graciouſly hath brought to light / This dangerous Treaſon, lurking in our way, / To hinder our beginnings.

   • 2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 – 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport‎^[1], archived from the original on 5 December 2018:

     Arsenal were playing without a recognised full-back – their defence comprising four centre-halves – and the lack of width was hindering their progress.

2. (transitive, intransitive) To delay or impede; to keep back, to prevent.

   She hindered a man from committing suicide.

   Synonyms: bar, block, delay, hamper, impede, obstruct, restrain, stop

   Antonyms: aid, assist, help

   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii], page 28, column 1:

     Then let me goe, and hinder not my courſe: [...]

   • 1689 December (indicated as 1690)​, [John Locke], “Who Heir?”, in Two Treatises of Government: […], London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC, book I, paragraph 142, pages 181–182:

     [I]f in thoſe days Cham and Japhet, and other Parents beſides the Eldest Son were Heads and Princes over their Families, and had a right to divide the Earth by Families, what hinders Younger Brothers, being Fathers of Families from having the ſame right, [...]

3. (transitive, obsolete) To cause harm.

派生語

語源 2

comparative form of hind: more hind

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈhaɪn.də/
• (米国用法) IPA^(key): /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/
• Rhymes: -aɪndə(ɹ)

形容詞

hinder (not comparable)

1. Of or belonging to that part or end which is in the rear or hind, or which follows.

   the hinder end of a wagon

   the hinder parts of a horse

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

     Let no man say that the Devil is not a cruel tyrant. He may give his folk some scrapings of unhallowed pleasure, but he will exact tithes, yea, of anise and cummin, in return, and there is aye the reckoning to pay at the hinder end.

   • 1990, C. W. H. Havard, editor, Black's Medical Dictionary, 36th edition, page 673:

     On a line dividing the front two-thirds from the hinder one-third, and set in the shape of a V, is a row of seven to twelve large flat-topped circumvallate papillae, […]

形容詞

hinder

1. comparative form of hind: more hind

使用する際の注意点

Most current uses of this adjective occur in anatomical contexts.

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:hinder.

同意語

• (of または belonging to that part in the rear): back, hind, rear, posterior

反意語

• (of または belonging to that part in the rear): fore, front

関連する語

• hind
• hindermost
• hindmost

名詞

hinder (複数形 hinders)

1. (slang, euphemistic) The buttocks.
   • 1997, Richard Laliberte; Stephen C. George, The Men's Health Guide to Peak Conditioning‎^[2], →ISBN, page 195:

     Like martial arts, in-line skating is predicated on the notion that sooner or later you're going to end up on your hinder.

引用

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:hinder.

アナグラム

• herdin', hindre

接頭辞

hinder-

1. behind, after

   hindergenga "back-slider, one who walks backwards"

   hinderweard "sluggish, slow"

2. wicked, cruel, deceitful

   hinderġēap "wily, deceitful, cunning"

   hinderhōc "trick"

3. lower, nether-

   hinderþēostru "underworld, nether darkness"

派生した語

• English: hinder-