goldとは

意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• gould (廃れた用法)

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɡəʊld/, [ɡɔʊ(ɫ)d], [ɡɒʊ(ɫ)d]
  • (General American) enPR: gōld, IPA^(key): /ɡoʊld/
  • (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ɡaʉld/, [ɡɒʊ(ɫ)d]
  • (廃れた用法) IPA^(key): /ɡuːld/
  • 韻: -əʊld

語源 1

From Middle English gold, from 古期英語 gold (“gold”), from Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥tóm (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”). Related to yellow; see there for more.

Germanic cognates include Dutch goud, German Gold, Norwegian gull, Swedish guld, and cognates from other Indo-European languages are Latvian zelts, Russian зо́лото (zóloto), Persian زرد‎ (zard, “yellow, golden”), Sanskrit हिरण्य (hiraṇya).

名詞

gold (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 golds)

1. (uncountable) A heavy yellow elemental metal of great value, with atomic number 79 and symbol Au.
2. (countable or uncountable) A coin or coinage made of this material, or supposedly so.

   The pirates were searching for gold.

3. (uncountable) A deep yellow colour, resembling the metal gold.

   gold:  

   metallic gold:  

4. (countable) The bullseye of an archery target.

   Daniel hit the gold to win the contest.

5. (countable) A gold medal.

   France has won three golds and five silvers.

6. (figuratively) Anything or anyone that is very valuable.

   That food mixer you gave me is absolute gold, mate!

   • 2010, Paul Hendy, Who Killed Simon Peters?:

     Now obviously this meant that I went over my allotted time, but the theatre management didn't mind because I was giving them comedy gold and that's what gets bums on seats.

   • 2012, Victor Pemberton, Leo's Girl:

     Marge Quincey didn't deserve a husband like his dad. He was pure gold, and she wasn't worth a light beside him.

7. (slang, in the plural) A grill (jewellery worn on front teeth) made of gold.

同意語

• aurum
• E175 when used as a food colouring

派生語

関連する語

参考

• (place to pan for gold): lavatory

形容詞

gold (not generally comparable, comparative golder, superlative goldest)

1. Made of gold.

   a gold chain

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. […] A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

2. Having the colour of gold.

   gold sticker

   gold socks

   • 1927, F. E. Penny, chapter 4, in Pulling the Strings:

     Soon after the arrival of Mrs. Campbell, dinner was announced by Abboye. He came into the drawing room resplendent in his gold-and-white turban. […] His cummerbund matched the turban in gold lines.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     Here the stripped panelling was warmly gold and the pictures, mostly of the English school, were mellow and gentle in the afternoon light.

3. (of commercial services) Premium, superior.
4. Of a musical recording: having sold 500,000 copies.

   Coordinate term: platinum

   • 2000, Billboard (volume 112, number 20, page 52)

     The album went gold, then platinum, thanks to a second hit single, "It's A Miracle".

同意語

• (made of gold, having the colour of gold): golden

動詞

gold (三人称単数 現在形 golds, 現在分詞 golding, 過去形および過去分詞形 golded)

1. To appear or cause to appear golden.
   • 2010, Tanuja Desai Hidier, Born Confused:

     I caught sight of something that seemed the nexus of all that glittered, all that golded: like a hallucination in the traffic's rotary heart, a saried creature giddily swirling her own razored rainbow roundabout, mirrored fabric sending light spinning like saberlike amidst the smoking, choking cars.

   • 2011, Harry Nicholson, Tom Fleck, page 250:

     You are the sun at Noon, that golds the barley, and pulls the bee to the ling on the moor.

   • 2011, D G Compton, A Usual Lunacy:

     Worked wonders, knowing a thing like that. Golded up your hair, even, for all your record said indeterminate. Golded up the whole world, really.

   • 2011, Robert M. Ellis, “Pokhara Lake”, in North Cape: Selected Poems of a Poet Turned Philosopher, page 21:

     But I work still, a dead, unheeding man across the endless interface: wishing I was the sun who golds the lake or the lake, comprehending sun.

   • 2021, Edward Elmer Smith, The Imperial Stars:

     Hair down to my shoulders; waved and liquid-golded. Eyebrows shaved to a different shape and golded. Handle-bar mustache, waxed to points and golded.

参考

語源 2

From gold master, a copy of the code certified as being ready for release.

形容詞

gold (not comparable)

1. (programming, of software) In a finished state, ready for manufacturing.
   • 2004 November, “Half-Life 2 goes gold”, in HWM, page 10:

     The Company confirmed that Half-Life 2, developed by Valve Software, has gone gold with a planned retail street date of November 16, 2004.

   • 2011, Jordan Gray, Unearthed, page 6:

     He felt bone-tired and twitchy, the way he did in the final stages of putting a video-game project together, almost ready to go gold and turn a new game loose on the public.

   • 2011, Jessica Mulligan and Bridgette Patrovsky, quoting Damion Schubert, Developing Online Games: An Insider's Guide, page 221:

     I had coded guilds into M59 over the weekend, shortly before we were supposed to go gold.

副詞

gold (not comparable)

1. of or referring to a gold version of something

Further reading

• David Barthelmy (1997–2022), “Gold”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
• Mindat.org‎^[2], Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2022.

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰĺ̥tom.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɡold/, [ɡoɫd]

名詞

gold n

1. gold

語形変化

派生語

• goldfāh
• gylden

派生した語

• Middle English: gold
  • English: gold
  • Scots: gowd, goold