Latin languageとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Latin latīnus, from Latium (“the region around Rome”) + -īnus (“adjective suffix”).

発音

• (英国発音) enPR: lătʹĭn, IPA: /ˈlæt.ɪn/, X-SAMPA: /"l{t.In/
• (米国発音) enPR: lătʹĭn, IPA: /ˈlæt.ɪn/, /ˈlæt.ən/, X-SAMPA: /"l{t.In/, /"l{t.@n/
• 韻: -ætɪn

形容詞

Latin (not comparable)

1. Of or relating to the language spoken in ancient Rome and other cities of Latium.
   • 1948, L. E. Elliott-Binns, The Beginnings of Western Christendom, page 257

     Africa was the natural leader because there the number of Christians who were of Roman origin and Latin speech was probably far greater than in so cosmopolitan a city as Rome.

2. Of or relating to the script of the language spoken in ancient Rome and many modern alphabets.
   • 1968, Mladen Bošnjak, A Study of Slavic Incunabula, page 62

     The Croatian incunabula printed in Latin letters are indubitably the products of a very modest establishment.

3. Of or relating to ancient Rome or its Empire.
   • 2000, T. M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, page 176

     The earliest Latin culture of Ireland was heavily indebted to that of Britain […]

4. Of or relating to Latium (modern Lazio), the region around Rome.
   • 1913, Oscar Browning, A General History of the World, page 151

     From the Campagna and the Latin hills, the flame of rebellion spread to Antium and Terracina, and to the most remote allies of the Romans, the cities of the Campanian plains.

5. Of or relating to the customs and people descended from the ancient Romans and their Empire.
   • 2002, Dean Foster, The Global Etiquette Guide to Mexico and Latin America, page 11

     Therefore, although Portugal is a Latin culture, the significant African influence in Brazil creates a culture that cannot be defined simply as Latin; consequently, Brazilians prefer to define themselves as South American […]

6. Of or from Latin America or of Latin American culture.
   • 2008, Michael Miller, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Music History, page 254

     As such, today's Latin music is a synthesis of European, African, and the few indigenous elements that remain.

7. (Christianity) Roman Catholic; of or pertaining to the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.
   • 1901, John Hackett, A History of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus, page 117

     The Latin bishop now took the Greek bishop by the hand and conducted him to his throne […]

引用

• For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.

同意語

• (of the script): Roman
• (of ancient Rome): Roman
• (of Latium): Latian
• (of customs かつ people descending from the Ancient Romans): Romance
• (of Latin America): Latin American, Latino
• (Christianity): Catholic, Roman, Roman Catholic

派生語

• Latin alphabet
• Latin America
• Latin cross
• Latin square

固有名詞

Latin

1. The language of the ancient Romans, other Latins and of the Roman Catholic church, especially Classical Latin.
   • 2003, Natalie Harwood, The Complete Idiot's Guide to Learning Latin, 2nd edition, page 13

     When the Christian Church rose in stature in the Dark Ages, its adoption of Latin as the official language assured its eternal life.

   • 2010, Elizabeth Heimbach, A Roman Map Workbook, page 134

     Like Copernicus and Galileo, Johannes Kepler was a renowned astronomer who wrote in Latin.

使用する際の注意点

Latin does not generally take an article, when referring to the Latin language. However, in the past (such as during the 19th century) this was common (e.g. “To what language does lingua belong?”, answered by “The Latin.”), and in some contexts is still used (“I read the text in the Latin [language edition].”). This mirrors French use, where the name of the language does take the definite article, as in je parle le latin ("I speak Latin").

引用

• For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.

下位語

• (varieties of Latin) Latin; Classical Latin,‎ Ecclesiastical Latin,‎ Late Latin,‎ Low Latin,‎ Medieval Latin,‎ New Latin,‎ Old Latin,‎ Recent Latin,‎ Renaissance Latin,‎ Romance languages,‎ Vulgar Latin

派生語

関連する語

• Latium
• latus
• Lazio

参考

• Wiktionary's coverage of Latin terms
• Latin index

名詞

Latin (複数形 Latins)

1. A person native to ancient Rome or its Empire.
   • 1833, Philipp Buttmann (translated by Edward Robinson), A Greek grammar for the use of high schools and universities, page 23

     This appears incontestably from the manner in which the Latins wrote Greek words and names […]

2. A person from one of the modern European countries (including France, Spain etc.) whose language is descended from Latin.
   • 1933, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, 'All I Survey': a book of essays, page 148

     No ; the test of the contrast between modern Latins and modern Teutons is exactly like the test of the contrast between modern Latins and ancient Latins.

   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), p. 760:

     Latins are always conspicuously dangerous when they are serving an unpopular cause for money.

3. A person from Latin America.
   • 1922, William Edmund Aughinbaugh, Advertising for trade in Latin-America, page 150

     In the use of patent medicine the average Latin resembles the American of fifty years ago, who generally had a bottle of some concoction on which he depended whenever he felt out of sorts.

4. (Christianity) A person adhering to Roman Catholic practice.
   • 1853, William Palmer, Dissertations on Subjects Relating to the "Orthodox" or "Eastern-Catholic" Communion, page 118

     The modern Latins have been in the habit of blaming the Greek and other Eastern Liturgies for not consecrating by the recital of OUR SAVIOUR'S words of Institution […]

5. A person native to the ancient region of Latium.

引用

• For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.

同意語

• (person from ancient Rome): Roman
• (person from Latin America): Latin American, Latino
• (adherent of Roman Catholicism): Catholic, Roman, Roman Catholic

等位語

• (Christianity): Greek, Orthodox

関連する語

• Latino

外部リンク

• Latin Etymology, An Etymological Dictionary of the Latin Language
• Latin - English Dictionary: from Webster's Dictionary - the Rosetta Edition.
• ISO 639-1 code la, ISO 639-3 code lat (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Latin, lat