readとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国用法) enPR: rēd, IPA^(key): /ɹiːd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɹid/
• Rhymes: -iːd
• Homophones: reed, rede

動詞

read (third-person singular simple present reads, present participle reading, simple past read, past participle read or (古風な用法, dialectal) readen)

1. (transitive or intransitive) To look at and interpret letters or other information that is written.

   Have you read this book?

   He doesn’t like to read.

   • 1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond

     During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant […]

   • 1982, Robert M. Evenson, “"Liberated" Woman"”, in The Cincinnati Enquirer:

     She reads Playgirl magazine, goes to a male-strip joint and then complains about sexual harassment on the job.

   • 1983, Shen, James C. H., “A Round of Calls”, in Robert Myers, editor, The U.S. & Free China: How the U.S. Sold Out Its Ally‎^[1], Washington, D.C.: Acropolis Books Ltd., →ISBN, page 112:

     On this occasion he was carrying in his right hand a copy of the English-language China News, an odd touch because the President did not read English.

   Synonyms: interpret, make out, make sense of, understand, scan

2. (transitive or intransitive) To speak aloud words or other information that is written. (often construed with a to phrase または an indirect object)

   He read us a passage from his new book.

   All right, class, who wants to read next?

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

     In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […] and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.

   • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎^[2]:

     He read the letter aloud. Sophia listened with the studied air of one for whom, even in these days, a title possessed some surreptitious allurement. […]

   Synonym: read aloud, read out, read out loud, speak

3. (transitive) To read work(s) written by (a named author).

   At the moment I'm reading Milton.

4. (transitive) To interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc., from.

   She read my mind and promptly rose to get me a glass of water.

   I can read his feelings in his face.

5. To consist of certain text.

   On the door hung a sign that reads "No admittance".

   The passage reads differently in the earlier manuscripts.

6. (ergative) Of text, etc., to be interpreted or read in a particular way.

   Arabic reads right to left.

   That sentence reads strangely.

7. (transitive, frequently humorous) To substitute (a corrected piece of text in place of an erroneous one); used to introduce an emendation of a text.

   Synonym: sic pro

   • 1832, John Lemprière et al., Bibliotheca classica, Seventh Edition, W. E. Dean, page 263:

     In Livy, it is nearly certain that for Pylleon we should read Pteleon, as this place is mentioned in connection with Antron.

   Our school focuses primarily on the classical authors (read "dead white males").

8. (informal, usually ironic) Used after a euphemism to introduce the intended, more blunt meaning of a term.
   • 2009, Suzee Vlk; et al, The GRE Test for Dummies, 6th edition, Wiley Publishing, →ISBN, page 191:

     Eliminate illogical (read: stupid) answer choices.

9. (transitive, telecommunications) To be able to hear what another person is saying over a radio connection.

   Synonyms: copy, hear, receive

   Do you read me?

   • 1968, Stanley Kubrick; Arthur C. Clarke, 2001: A Space Odyssey, spoken by Dave Bowman (Keir Dullea):

     Hello, HAL. Do you read me, HAL?

10. (transitive, rail transport) To observe and comprehend (a displayed signal).

    A repeater signal may be used where the track geometry makes the main signal difficult to read from a distance.

11. (transitive, Commonwealth, except Scotland) To make a special study of, as by perusing textbooks.

    I am reading theology at university.

    Synonyms: learn, study

    • 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 94:

      Crabbe wanted him to go to England, to read for a degree there.

12. (computing, transitive) To fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.).

    to read a hard disk

    to read a port

    to read the keyboard

13. (transitive, LGBT) To recognise (someone) as being transgender.

    Synonym: clock

    Antonym: pass

    Every time I go outside, I worry that someone will read me.

14. (at first especially in the black LGBT community) To call attention to the flaws of (someone) in either a playful, a taunting, or an insulting way.
    • 1997, Framing Culture: Africanism, Sexuality and Performance, page 186 (also discussing Paris is Burning):

      Snapping, we are told, comes from reading, or exposing hidden flaws in a person's life, and out of reading comes shade […]

    • 2003, Philip Auslander, Performance: Media and technology, page 179:

      CB [a black gay person being quoted]: "So, one time I read him and we were standing downstairs at the front desk in the dorm and I read him and there was this little bell […] ." In the first example, the interviewee [CB] used snapping to read his white friend in a playful way, […] .

    • 2013, Queer Looks, page 114 (discussing Paris is Burning かつ "the ball world"):

      [One] assumes that such language contests are racially motivated—black folks talking back to white folks. However, the ball world makes it clear that blacks can read each other too.

15. (go) To imagine sequences of potential moves and responses without actually placing stones.
16. (obsolete) To think, believe; to consider (that).
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

      But now, faire Ladie, comfort to you make, / And read […] / That short reuenge the man may ouertake […]

17. (obsolete) To advise; to counsel. See rede.
    • 1528 October 12 (Gregorian calendar), William Tyndale, “Of the Sacramentes”, in The Obedience of [a] Christen Man, […], [London: […] Thomas Ranalde and Wyllyam Hyll, and are to be solde […] by Rychard Iugge […]], published [1548], →OCLC, folio clvii, verso:

      [T]herfore, I red the [thee], gette the [thee] to gods vvorde and thereby trye all doctrine, and agaynſte that receaue no thinge.

    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 6:

      This is the wandring wood, this Errours den, / A monster vile, whom God and man does hate: / Therefore I read beware.

18. (obsolete) To tell; to declare; to recite.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

      But read how art thou named, and of what kin.

使用する際の注意点

Unlike the much less common sic pro which is set off in brackets, admonitions for the reader to emend a quote to read a separate meaning are typically put within parentheses.

Conjugation

派生語

名詞

read (複数形 reads)

1. A reading or an act of reading, especially of an actor's part of a play or a piece of stored data.
   • 1879, Frederick James Furnivall, letter to the editor of "The Spectator"

     One newswoman here lets magazines for a penny a read.

   • 1958, Philip Larkin, Self's the Man

     And when he finishes supper / Planning to have a read at the evening paper / It's Put a screw in this wall— / He has no time at all […]

   • 2006, MySQL administrator's guide and language reference (page 393)

     In other words, the system can do 1200 reads per second with no writes, the average write is twice as slow as the average read, and the relationship is linear.

2. (in combination) Something to be read; a written work.

   His thrillers are always a gripping read.

3. A person's interpretation or impression of something.

   What's your read of the current political situation?

4. (at first especially in the black LGBT community) An instance of reading (“calling attention to someone's flaws; a taunt または insult”).
   • 1997, Framing Culture: Africanism, Sexuality and Performance, page 186 (also discussing Paris is Burning):

     [As] Corey points out, "if you and I are both black queens then we can't call each other black queens because that's not a read. That's a [fact]."

   • 2003, Philip Auslander, Performance: Media and technology, page 185:

     Like most African-American women, Pearlie Mae uses snapping in many of the same ways that black gay men use it: to accentuate a read.

   • 2013, bell hooks, Teaching Critical Thinking: Practical Wisdom, →ISBN:

     I learned that it was acceptable to be witty, especially if you were one of the wearblackallthetime, deconstructivist, radical, feministbitchydiva girls who could give a harsh read (i.e., critique) or throw shade […] .

5. (biochemistry) The identification of a specific sequence of genes in a genome or bases in a nucleic acid string

派生語

語源 2

From Middle English redde (過去形), red, rad (過去分詞), from 古期英語 rǣdde (過去形), (ġe)rǣded (過去分詞), conjugations of rǣdan (“to read”); see above.

発音

• enPR: rĕd, IPA^(key): /ɹɛd/
• Rhymes: -ɛd
• Homophones: red, redd

動詞

read

1. inflection of read:
   1. simple past tense
   2. past participle

参考

Pages starting with “read”.

アナグラム

• 'eard, DARE, Dare, Dear, Rade, Reda, ared, dare, dear, rade

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-.

Germanic cognates: Old Frisian rād (West Frisian read), Old Saxon rōd (Low German root, rod), Dutch rood, Old High German rōt (German rot), Old Norse rauðr (Danish rød, Swedish röd, Icelandic rauður), Gothic ���������� (rauþs).

Indo-European cognates: Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Latin ruber, Old Irish rúad, Lithuanian raũdas, Russian рудо́й (rudój).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ræ͜ɑːd/

形容詞

rēad

1. red

語形変化

派生語

• rēadnes

派生した語

• Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd
  • English: red
  • Scots: rede, reid
  • Yola: reed