skimとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /skɪm/
  • 韻: -ɪm

動詞

skim (三人称単数 現在形 skims, 現在分詞 skimming, 過去形および過去分詞形 skimmed)

1. (intransitive) To pass lightly; to glide along in an even, smooth course; to glide along near the surface.
   • 1709, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: Printed for W. Lewis […], published 1711, OCLC 15810849:

     Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain, / Flies o'er the unbending corn, and skims along the main.

2. (transitive) To pass near the surface of; to brush the surface of; to glide swiftly along the surface of.
   • 1817, William Hazlitt, The Round Table

     Homer describes Mercury as flinging himself from the top of Olympus, and skimming the surface of the ocean.

3. To hasten along with superficial attention.
   • 1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], OCLC 723474632:

     They skim over a science in a very night superficial survey.

4. To put on a finishing coat of plaster.
5. (transitive) To throw an object so it bounces on water.

   skimming stones

6. (intransitive) To ricochet.
7. (transitive) To read quickly, skipping some detail.

   I skimmed the newspaper over breakfast.

8. (transitive) To scrape off; to remove (something) from a surface
9. (transitive) To clear (a liquid) from scum or substance floating or lying on it, by means of a utensil that passes just beneath the surface.

   to skim milk

   to skim broth

10. (transitive) To clear a liquid from (scum または substance floating または lying on it), especially the cream that floats on top of fresh milk.

    to skim cream

11. To steal money from a business before the transaction has been recorded, thus avoiding detection.
    • 2006, Herbert Snyder, Small Change, Big Problems (page 48)

      Obviously, the longer cash sits around before being recorded, the more likely it is that a skimming fraud will occur.

    • 2009, Tracy L. Coenen, Expert Fraud Investigation: A Step-by-Step Guide (page 109)

      […] take this money without entering anything into the record-keeping system, thereby accomplishing a theft by skimming.

12. To surreptitiously scan a payment card in order to obtain its information for fraudulent purposes.
13. (intransitive) To become coated over.

派生語

形容詞

skim (not comparable)

1. (of milk) Having lowered fat content.

派生語

• skim milk

名詞

skim (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 skims)

1. A cursory reading, skipping the details.
   • 2012, John Friend, Allen Hickling, Planning Under Pressure (page xxii)

     For a first quick appreciation of the approach, we recommend a fast reading of Chapter 1, then a skim through the figures of the next two chapters — glancing at the definitions of key concepts that appear below the figures in Chapters 2 and 3.

2. (informal) Skim milk.
   • 2010, Gary G. Kindley, Growing Older Without Fear: The Nine Qualities of Successful Aging

     Two percent milk has only a fraction less fat than whole milk, so unless you are feeding a child or someone whose diet requires whole milk, skim is best.

3. The act of skimming.
   • 1969, Newsweek (volume 74, page 75)

     Then you could jump 150 years and enjoy a skim across the Solent in Britain's remarkable Hovercraft.

4. That which is skimmed off.
5. Theft of money from a business before the transaction has been recorded, thus avoiding detection.
   • 1976, Paul Schrader, Taxi Driver, spoken by Travis Bickle (Robert De Niro):

     It's a hustle, but it keeps me busy. I can take in three to three-fifty a week, more with skims.