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Wiktionary英語版での「grouse」の意味 |
grouse
発音
A male spruce grouse (Dendragapus canadensis, syn. Falcipennis canadensis; sense 1) in Acadia National Park, Maine, 米国発音A. |
- (Received 発音, General American) IPA(key): /ɡɹaʊs/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ɡræɔs/
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ɡræus/
- 韻: -aʊs
語源 1
Attested in the 1530s, as grows ("moorhen"), a plural used collectively. The origin of the noun is unknown;[1] the following derivations have been suggested:
- From Old French grue (“crane”) (modern French grue) or Medieval Latin gruta (“crane”), both from Latin grūs (“crane”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely; a crane”).[2]
- Borrowed from Celtic or a different Medieval Latin word.
- Imitative of the bird’s call.
The verb is derived from the noun.[3]
名詞
grouse (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 grouse または grouses)
- (countable) Any of various game birds of the subfamily Tetraoninae which inhabit temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere; specifically, the red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica) native to heather moorland on the British Isles. [from 1530s]
- 1531 January, “XXI. Extracts from a MS. Dated ‘apud Eltham, mense Jan. 22 Hen. VIII.’ Communicated to the Society by Owen Salusbury Brereton, Esq; Read at the Society of Antiquaries, April 9, 1772.”, in Archaeologia: Or, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity, volume III, London: […] Society [of Antiquaries of London]; and by Messieurs Whiston, White, Robson, Baker and Leigh, and Brown, published 1775, →OCLC, page 157:
- (uncountable) The flesh or meat of this bird eaten as food.
派生語
- Caucasian grouse
- dusky grouse
- grouse whortleberry
- grouselike
- hazel grouse
- pine grouse
- ruffed grouse
- sage grouse
- sage-grouse
- sand grouse
- sand-grouse
- Siberian grouse
- tippet grouse
- willow grouse
- wood grouse
動詞
grouse (三人称単数 現在形 grouses, 現在分詞 grousing, 過去形および過去分詞形 groused)
- (intransitive) To hunt or shoot grouse.
語源 2
The origin of the verb is uncertain; it is possibly borrowed from Norman groucier, from Old French groucier, grousser (“to grumble, murmur”) [and other forms] (whence grutch (“to complain; to murmur”) and grouch). The further etymology is unknown, but it may be derived from Frankish *grōtijan (“to make cry, scold, rebuke”) or of onomatopoeic origin.[4]
The noun is derived from the verb.[5]
動詞
grouse (三人称単数 現在形 grouses, 現在分詞 grousing, 過去形および過去分詞形 groused)
- (intransitive, originally military slang, informal) To complain or grumble. [from late 19th c.]
派生語
語源 3
Uncertain;[6] possibly from British dialectal groosh (“excellent, very good”) (Lothian (Scotland)),[7] grosh (northeast Lancashire) and groshy (“having thriving vegetation; juicy かつ tender; of weather: good for vegetation, rainy”) (Lancashire, Yorkshire),[8] grushie (“having thriving vegetation”) (Scotland);[9] from Scots groosh (“excellent, very good”) (Lothian, 廃れた用法),[10] grush (廃れた用法), grushie, grushy (“growing healthily または lushly; excellent, very good”) (both 古風な用法), from gross (“lacking refinement, coarse; fat; large”) + -ie (suffix meaning ‘rather, somewhat’).[11]
形容詞
grouse (comparative grouser, superlative grousest)
- (Australia, New Zealand, slang) Excellent. [from 1920s]
参照
- ^ “grouse, n.1”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900.
- ^ “grouse1, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “grouse, v.1”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900.
- ^ Compare “grouse, v.2”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900; “grouse2, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022; “grutch, v.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900.
- ^ Compare “grouse, n.2”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1933; “grouse2, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ Compare “grouse, adj.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1972; “grouse3, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ Joseph Wright, editor (1900), “GROOSH, adj.”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume II (D–G), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 738, column 1.
- ^ Joseph Wright, editor (1900), “GROSHY, adj.”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume II (D–G), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 739, column 1.
- ^ Joseph Wright, editor (1900), “GRUSHIE, adj.”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume II (D–G), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 750, column 2.
- ^ John Jamieson (1825), “GROOSH”, in Supplement to the Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language: […], volume I (A–J), Edinburgh: […] University Press; for W[illiam] & C[harles] Tait, […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, page 515, column 2.
- ^ “GRUSHIE, -Y, adj.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC; “-IE, suff.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
Further reading
- grouse on Wikipedia.
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該当件数 : 33件
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