boardとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English bord, from 古期英語 bord (“board; plank; table; shield; deck; ship; boundary”), from Proto-West Germanic *bord, from Proto-Germanic *burdą (“board; plank; table”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerdʰ- (“to cut”).

A wooden board

名詞

board (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 boards)

1. A relatively long, wide and thin piece of any material, usually wood or similar, often for use in construction or furniture-making.
   • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 2, in The Celebrity:

     Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines.

2. A device (e.g., switchboard) containing electrical switches and other controls and designed to control lights, sound, telephone connections, etc.
3. A flat surface with markings for playing a board game.

   Each player starts the game with four counters on the board.

4. Short for blackboard, whiteboard, chessboard, surfboard, circuit board, message board (on the Internet), etc.
5. A committee that manages the business of an organization, e.g., a board of directors.

   We have to wait to hear back from the board.

6. (uncountable) Regular meals or the amount paid for them in a place of lodging.

   Room and board

7. (nautical) The side of a ship.
   • 1697, “The Fifth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:

     Now board to board the rival vessels row.

8. (nautical) The distance a sailing vessel runs between tacks when working to windward.
9. (ice hockey, often in the plural) The wall that surrounds an ice hockey rink.
10. (archaic) A long, narrow table, like that used in a medieval dining hall.
    • 1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Prologues”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], OCLC 230972125; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, OCLC 932884868, “The Knyght”, column 2:

      At Alyſaundre he was, when it was won / Full ofte tyme he had the bourde bigon / Abouen alle nacions in Pruce […]

      At Alexandria he was, when it was won / Quite often he had the board begun [sat at the head of the table] / Above all nations in Prussia […]

    • 1667, John Milton, “Book 5”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

      Fruit of all kinds […] / She gathers, tribute large, and on the board / Heaps with unsparing hand.

    • 2007, J. R. R. Tolkien edited by Christopher Tolkien, The Children of Húrin:

      Túrin took a seat without heed, for he was wayworn, and filled with thought; and by ill-luck he set himself at a board among the elders of the realm, and in that place where Saeros was accustomed to sit.

11. Paper made thick and stiff like a board, for book covers, etc.; pasteboard.

    to bind a book in boards

12. (video games) A level or stage having a particular layout.
    • 2004, Dan Whitehead, Martyn Carroll, Shaun Bebbington, Future Shocks (in Your Sinclair issue 94)

      The object of the game is to move the smiley face over the preset board, in doing so removing the green squares and ending up at the exit […]

    • 2015, Hiddenstuff Entertainment, Candy Crush Soda Saga Game Guide, page 23:

      You are able to then change a color candy with any candy around the board, similar to the way you are able to with color bomb candies.

13. (bridge) A container for holding pre-dealt cards that is used to allow multiple sets of players to play the same cards.
    

    Board (duplicate bridge)

下位語

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• → Japanese: ボード (bōdo)

参考

• batten
• beam
• lath
• plank
• pole
• slab
• veneer

動詞

board (三人称単数 現在形 boards, 現在分詞 boarding, 過去形および過去分詞形 boarded)

1. (transitive) To step or climb onto or otherwise enter a ship, aircraft, train or other conveyance.

   It is time to board the aircraft.

   • 1862, Benjamin J. Totten, Naval Text-Book, and Dictionary, for the use of the Midshipmen of the U.S. Navy

     You board an enemy to capture her, and a stranger to receive news or make a communication.

   Antonyms: alight, disembark

2. (transitive) To provide someone with meals and lodging, usually in exchange for money.

   to board one's horse at a livery stable

3. (transitive) To receive meals and lodging in exchange for money.
   • February 8, 1712, Charity Frost, The Spectator No. 296 (letter to the editor)

     We are several of us, gentlemen and ladies, who board in the same house,

4. (transitive, nautical) To capture an enemy ship by going alongside and grappling her, then invading her with a boarding party
5. (intransitive) To obtain meals, or meals and lodgings, statedly for compensation
6. (transitive, now rare) To approach (someone); to make advances to, accost.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.iv:

     Ere long with like againe he boorded mee, / Saying, he now had boulted all the floure […]

7. To cover with boards or boarding.

   to board a house

   • 1782–1785, William Cowper, “(please specify the page)”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], OCLC 228757725:

     the boarded hovel

8. To hit (someone) with a wooden board.
9. (transitive) To write something on a board, especially a blackboard or whiteboard.

語源 2

From backboard

名詞

board (複数形 boards)

1. (basketball, informal) A rebound.