make upとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/

動詞

make up (third-person singular simple present makes up, present participle making up, simple past and past participle made up)

1. To constitute, to compose.
   1. (transitive) To constitute the components of a whole. [from 16th c.]

      Synonyms: compose, form; see also Thesaurus:compose

      • 1920, M. D. Eder, Dream Psychology, translation of original by Sigmund Freud:

        The words "dream interpretation" […] remind one of all sorts of childish, superstitious notions, which make up the thread and woof of dream books, read by none but the ignorant and the primitive.

      • 2013 September–October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News: Photosynthesis Precursor”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 5, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 3 September 2013, page 328:

        The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the water-oxidizing complex, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom.

2. To compensate, to fill in, to catch up.
   1. (transitive) To compensate for (a deficiency, defect, etc.); to supply (something missing). [from 15th c.]

      He can make up the time next week.

      • 2011 January 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Man City 4 – 3 Wolves”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 30 September 2018:

        The Argentine found Dzeko and his killer ball was timed brilliantly for the Ivorian, who made up 90 yards, to slot in.

   2. (intransitive) To compensate (for). [from 18th c.]

      I plan to make up for my failed midterm.

      Cuba took limited free market-oriented measures to alleviate severe shortages of food, consumer goods, and services to make up for the ending of Soviet subsidies.

      • 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:

        The corn ration was drastically reduced, and it was announced that an extra potato ration would be issued to make up for it.

      • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Meeting Point”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 232:

        Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.

      • 2011 February 6, Alistair Magowan, “West Ham 0 – 1 Birmingham”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 5 July 2018:

        Roger Johnson came closest to scoring for the visitors in the first half when he headed over from six yards following Lee Bowyer's cross, but he made up for that by producing some sterling defending to head clear Obinna's bullet centre.

3. To invent, to imagine, to concoct
   1. To invent or fabricate (a story, claim, etc.). [from 17th c.]

      He was a great storyteller and could make up a story on the spot.

4. To assemble, to prepare.
   1. To compile or draw up (a list, document, etc.). [from 14th c.]
   2. To put together (a substance, material, garment, medicine, etc.) into a specific form; to assemble. [from 16th c.]

      I can make up a batch of stew in a few minutes, but it will take a few hours to cook.

      • 1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN, page 323:

        Like their mentors, they sang "Why Do Fools Fall In Love" and "I'm Not A Teenage Delinquent," and even had letter sweaters made up with huge "S"'s on them.

   3. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To prepare (someone) for a theatrical performance by means of costume, cosmetics, etc. [from 18th c.]
5. To apply cosmetics.
   1. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To apply cosmetics or makeup to (a face, facial feature). [from 18th c.]

      Synonyms: cosmeticize, fard

      Alternative forms: makeup, make-up (rare)

      Let's leave as soon as I make up my face.

      • 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 617:

        She rushed into her bedroom to make up.

6. To make peace, to settle a dispute.
   1. (transitive, intransitive) To resolve or settle an argument, dispute, conflict, or fight (e.g., with someone). [from 17th c.]

      Synonym: make peace

      They fight a lot, but they always manage to make up.

      • 1782, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin, published 2001, page 180:

        Miss Palmer and I made up, though she scolded most violently about my long absence, and attacked me about the Book without mercy.

      • 1971, “Let's Stay Together”, performed by Al Green:

        Why somebody, why people break up / Turn around and make up, I just can't see / You'd never do that to me, would you baby?

7. To arrange, to advance.
   1. (obsolete) To arrange (a marriage); to organise (a treaty). [16th–19th c.]
   2. To draw near to, approach to. [from 16th c.]
      • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:

        They in their turns made up to her, and expressed their surprize and concern at finding her in the assembly unprovided, after she had declined their invitation […] .

      • 1789, Olaudah Equiano, chapter 8, in The Interesting Narrative, volume I:

        On this they made up to me, and were about to handle me; but I told them to be still and keep off […] .

   3. To make social or romantic advances to; to pay court to. [from 18th c.]
      • 1934, F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night: A Romance, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC; republished as chapter III, in Malcolm Cowley, editor, Tender is the Night: A Romance [...] With the Author’s Final Revisions, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951, →OCLC, book I (Case History: 1917–1919), page 16:

        She thought he was making up to her—of course, at the time I believed her and I let him go, but I know now it was all nonsense.

8. To build, to complete.
   1. (obsolete) To build, construct (a tower, city, etc.). [14th–15th c.]
   2. (obsolete) To build up (a bank, wall, etc.) where it has fallen away; to repair. [15th–17th c.]
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ezekial XIII:5:

        Yee haue not gone vp into the gaps, neither made vp the hedge for the house of Israel.

使用する際の注意点

The object in all transitive senses can come before or after the particle. If it is a pronoun, then it must come before the particle.

関連する語

名詞

make up (plural make ups)

1. Alternative form of makeup.

使用する際の注意点

• Least common alternative form of makeup.

参照

アナグラム

• upmake

発音

名詞

make-up (usually uncountable, plural make-ups)

1. Alternative spelling of makeup. See usage notes there.
   • 1961 December, “Motive Power Miscellany: Eastern Region”, in Trains Illustrated, page 760:

     From Whitemoor, left at 6.45 p.m., the train's make-up usually includes also some Continental ferry wagons, originating from Harwich.

派生語

形容詞

make-up (not comparable)

1. Made-up, false, imaginary, fabricated.
2. (informal) Of or relating to a reconciliation.

   Joe and Joanne had a big fight, and then apologized and had incredible make-up sex.

派生語

動詞

make-up (third-person singular simple present make-ups, present participle make-upping or make-uping, simple past and past participle make-upped or make-uped)

1. Rare form of make up (“to put makeup on”).
   • 1922 March 22, “Belles Tint Faces to Match Gown Colors”, in The China Press, volume XII, number 3261, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 12, column 3:

     Orange, mauve, and cobalt blue are three favorite shades now employed by the woman who desires to “make-up” her face, according to the approved beauty standards.

   • 1999, Steve Rideout, “Tiddlywinks”, in Don’t Go Up a Windmill: Poems, Blue Springs, Mo.: Blue Windmill Books, →ISBN, page 84:

     And shame at what you thought was fard! It’s only make-upping your face.

   • 2005 February, Allison Rushby, Hating Valentine’s Day, Don Mills, Ont.: Red Dress Ink, →ISBN, page 305:

     The make-up artist stops make-upping.

   • 2011, Gemma Burgess, chapter 10, in A Girl Like You, London: Avon, →ISBN, page 93:

     As we’re in the bathroom side-by-side, silently make-upping, Sophie turns to me.

   • 2013 July, Kelly Younger, “The Debutante Ball & The Lucky Spot”, in Henley in an Hour, Hanover, N.H.: In an Hour Books, →ISBN, page 26:

     Like Carnelle in The Miss Firecracker Contest, Teddy will attempt to transform herself on the outside by shaving, plucking, dressing, make-uping, and acting like a lady.

参照

• “make*up”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• upmake

語源

Deverbal from make up. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from French maquillage, from maquiller (“to make up, fabricate”)

発音

• IPA: /ˈmeɪkʌp/
• 韻: -eɪkʌp

名詞

makeup (usually uncountable, plural makeups)

1. (countable, uncountable) An item's composition.

   To understand how a nuclear reactor works, we must first look at its makeup.

   • 2005, Bennett Fairorth, Philadelphia Holidays 2004, Turkish Pleasures 1997, page 269:

     After the size and makeup of Congress was decided by the Founding Fathers, it was time to lawmake.

2. (countable, uncountable) Cosmetics; colorants and other substances applied to the skin to alter its appearance.

   Synonym: maquillage

   She is wearing a lot of makeup.

3. (manufacturing) Replacement; material used to make up for the amount that has been used up.
   • 2005, William C. Whitman, William M. Johnson, John A. Tomczyk, Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Technology, page 1208:

     When the water level drops, the float ball drops with it and opens the valve to the makeup water supply.

4. (education) A test given to students allowing them to repeat failed material.
   • 2020, Tayari Jones, Silver Sparrow, Oneworld Publications, page 117:

     “Will I get a chance to take a makeup? My mother paid for the exam.”

5. (finance) In a NIMCRUT, an amount distributed from the trust's income in subsequent years to make up for a present shortfall.

使用する際の注意点

The alternative spelling make-up is favored by the Oxford English Dictionary and thus is often considered to be British, while makeup, being preferred by Merriam-Webster's dictionary, is the generally accepted American spelling and the most common form currently in Google Ngrams.

同意語

• (composition): configuration, constitution, form; see also Thesaurus:composition
• (cosmetics): beauty products, cosmetics, product, slap, war paint

下位語

• (cosmetics): See also Thesaurus:toiletry

派生語

派生した語

• ⇒ Portuguese: make
• → Japanese: メイクアップ
• → Korean: 메이크업 (meikeueop)

動詞

makeup (third-person singular simple present makeups, present participle makeuping or makeupping, simple past and past participle makeuped or makeupped)

1. Alternative form of make up (“(ambitransitive) to put makeup on (someone or something)”).
   • 2005, Wendy Roberts, Dating Can Be Deadly, Red Dress Ink, →ISBN, page 229:

     I raided my closet and left Clay in my living room while I changed and makeuped in the bathroom.

   • 2009, Lou Manfredo, chapter 7, in Rizzo’s War, New York, N.Y.: Minotaur Books, →ISBN, page 122:

     “If we get started showering, shaving, powdering, combing, and makeupping, we just may be able to make the eleven o’clock mass at Regina Pacis.”

   • 2014, Michael Yankoski, “Appendix B: Almost Answered: A Q&A with the Author”, in The Sacred Year: Mapping the Soulscape of Spiritual Practice—How Contemplating Apples, Living in a Cave, and Befriending a Dying Woman Revived My Life, W Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 335:

     This isn’t about plastic surgery, image management, or makeupping the facade.

   • 2014, Megan McCafferty, Jessica Darling’s It List 2: The (Totally Not) Guaranteed Guide to Friends, Foes & Faux Friends, New York, N.Y.; Boston, Mass.: Poppy, →ISBN, page 89:

     And when my guests and I got bored with stuffing our mouths, makeupping our faces, and rotting our brains, we had Bethany’s collection of classic teen comedies all queued up and ready to roll.

   • 2016, Mari Ruti, Feminist Film Theory and Pretty Woman, Bloomsbury Academic, →ISBN, page 173:

     When Gracie emerges from her labor-intensive makeover in an airplane hangar—where she has been plucked, waxed, styled, makeuped, and dressed by an army of professionals—all eyes, including the stunned eyes of her love-interest-to-be Eric, are on her.

参照

アナグラム

• upmake