makeupとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From the verb phrase make up.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈmeɪkʌp/
• 韻: -eɪkʌp

名詞

makeup (usually uncountable, 複数形 makeups)

1. (countable, uncountable) An item's composition.

   To understand how a nuclear reactor works, we must first look at its makeup.

   • 2005, Bennett Fairorth, Philadelphia Holidays 2004, Turkish Pleasures 1997 (page 269)

     After the size and makeup of Congress was decided by the Founding Fathers, it was time to lawmake.

2. (countable, uncountable) Cosmetics; colorants and other substances applied to the skin to alter its appearance.

   She is wearing a lot of makeup.

3. (manufacturing) Replacement; material used to make up for the amount that has been used up.
   • 2005, William C. Whitman, William M. Johnson, John A. Tomczyk, Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Technology, page 1208:

     When the water level drops, the float ball drops with it and opens the valve to the makeup water supply.

4. (education) A test given to students allowing them to repeat failed material.

使用する際の注意点

The alternative spelling make-up is favored by the Oxford Dictionary and thus is often considered to be British, while makeup, being preferred by Merriam Webster's dictionary, is the generally accepted American spelling.^[1]

同意語

• (composition): configuration, constitution, form; see also Thesaurus:composition
• (cosmetics): beauty products, cosmetics, product, slap, war paint

下位語

• (cosmetics): See also Thesaurus:toiletry

派生語

• makeup editor

動詞

makeup (三人称単数 現在形 makeups, 現在分詞 makeuping または makeupping, 過去形および過去分詞形 makeuped または makeupped)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To put makeup on (someone または something).
   • 2005, Wendy Roberts, Dating Can Be Deadly, Red Dress Ink, →ISBN, page 229:

     I raided my closet and left Clay in my living room while I changed and makeuped in the bathroom.

   • 2009, Lou Manfredo, chapter 7, in Rizzo’s War, New York, N.Y.: Minotaur Books, →ISBN, page 122:

     “If we get started showering, shaving, powdering, combing, and makeupping, we just may be able to make the eleven o’clock mass at Regina Pacis.”

   • 2014, Michael Yankoski, “Appendix B: Almost Answered: A Q&A with the Author”, in The Sacred Year: Mapping the Soulscape of Spiritual Practice—How Contemplating Apples, Living in a Cave, and Befriending a Dying Woman Revived My Life, W Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 335:

     This isn’t about plastic surgery, image management, or makeupping the facade.

   • 2014, Megan McCafferty, Jessica Darling’s It List 2: The (Totally Not) Guaranteed Guide to Friends, Foes & Faux Friends, New York, N.Y.; Boston, Mass.: Poppy, →ISBN, page 89:

     And when my guests and I got bored with stuffing our mouths, makeupping our faces, and rotting our brains, we had Bethany’s collection of classic teen comedies all queued up and ready to roll.

   • 2016, Mari Ruti, Feminist Film Theory and Pretty Woman, Bloomsbury Academic, →ISBN, page 173:

     When Gracie emerges from her labor-intensive makeover in an airplane hangar—where she has been plucked, waxed, styled, makeuped, and dressed by an army of professionals—all eyes, including the stunned eyes of her love-interest-to-be Eric, are on her.

参照

動詞

make up (三人称単数 現在形 makes up, 現在分詞 making up, 過去形および過去分詞形 made up)

1. To constitute, to compose.
   1. (transitive) To constitute the components of a whole. [from 16th c.]

      Synonyms: compose, form; see also Thesaurus:compose

      • 1920, M. D. Eder, Dream Psychology, translation of original by Sigmund Freud:

        The words "dream interpretation" […] remind one of all sorts of childish, superstitious notions, which make up the thread and woof of dream books, read by none but the ignorant and the primitive.

      • 2013 September–October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News: Photosynthesis Precursor”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 5, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, DOI:10.1511/2013.104.328, ISSN 0003-0996, OCLC 891112584, archived from the original on 3 September 2013, page 328:

        The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the water-oxidizing complex, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom.

2. To compensate, to fill in, to catch up.
   1. (transitive) To compensate for (a deficiency, defect, etc.); to supply (something missing). [from 15th c.]

      He can make up the time next week.

      • 2011 January 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Man City 4 – 3 Wolves”, in BBC Sport‎^[2], archived from the original on 30 September 2018:

        The Argentine found Dzeko and his killer ball was timed brilliantly for the Ivorian, who made up 90 yards, to slot in.

   2. (intransitive) To compensate (for). [from 18th c.]

      I plan to make up for my failed midterm.

      Cuba took limited free market-oriented measures to alleviate severe shortages of food, consumer goods, and services to make up for the ending of Soviet subsidies.

      • 1945 August 17, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter 7, in Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, OCLC 3655473:

        The corn ration was drastically reduced, and it was announced that an extra potato ration would be issued to make up for it.

      • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Meeting Point”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, OCLC 483591931, page 232:

        Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.

      • 2011 February 6, Alistair Magowan, “West Ham 0 – 1 Birmingham”, in BBC Sport‎^[3], archived from the original on 5 July 2018:

        Roger Johnson came closest to scoring for the visitors in the first half when he headed over from six yards following Lee Bowyer's cross, but he made up for that by producing some sterling defending to head clear Obinna's bullet centre.

3. To invent, to imagine, to concoct
   1. To invent or fabricate (a story, claim, etc.). [from 17th c.]

      He was a great storyteller and could make up a story on the spot.

4. To assemble, to prepare.
   1. To compile or draw up (a list, document, etc.). [from 14th c.]
   2. To put together (a substance, material, garment, medicine, etc.) into a specific form; to assemble. [from 16th c.]

      I can make up a batch of stew in a few minutes, but it will take a few hours to cook.

   3. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To prepare (someone) for a theatrical performance by means of costume, cosmetics, etc. [from 18th c.]
5. To apply cosmetics.
   1. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To apply cosmetics or makeup to (a face, facial feature). [from 18th c.]

      Synonyms: cosmeticize, fard

      Let's leave as soon as I make up my face.

      • 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 617:

        She rushed into her bedroom to make up.

6. To make peace, to settle a dispute.
   1. (transitive, intransitive) To resolve or settle an argument, dispute, conflict, or fight (e.g., with someone). [from 17th c.]

      Synonym: make peace

      They fight a lot, but they always manage to make up.

      • 1782, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, p. 180:

        Miss Palmer and I made up, though she scolded most violently about my long absence, and attacked me about the Book without mercy.

      • 1971, “Let's Stay Together”, performed by Al Green:

        Why somebody, why people break up / Turn around and make up, I just can't see / You'd never do that to me, would you baby?

7. To arrange, to advance.
   1. (obsolete) To arrange (a marriage); to organise (a treaty). [16th–19th c.]
   2. To draw near to, approach to. [from 16th c.]
      • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, chapter 27, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume I, London: Harrison and Co., […], published 1781, OCLC 316121541:

        They in their turns made up to her, and expressed their surprize and concern at finding her in the assembly unprovided, after she had declined their invitation […] .

      • 1789, Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative, vol. I, ch. 8:

        On this they made up to me, and were about to handle me; but I told them to be still and keep off […] .

   3. To make social or romantic advances to; to pay court to. [from 18th c.]
      • 1934, F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night: A Romance, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, OCLC 284462; republished as chapter III, in Malcolm Cowley, editor, Tender is the Night: A Romance [...] With the Author’s Final Revisions, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951, OCLC 849279868, book I (Case History: 1917–1919), page 16:

        She thought he was making up to her—of course, at the time I believed her and I let him go, but I know now it was all nonsense.

8. To build, to complete.
   1. (obsolete) To build, construct (a tower, city, etc.). [14th–15th c.]
   2. (obsolete) To build up (a bank, wall, etc.) where it has fallen away; to repair. [15th–17th c.]
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Ezekial XIII:5:

        Yee haue not gone vp into the gaps, neither made vp the hedge for the house of Israel.

使用する際の注意点

The object in all transitive senses can come before or after the particle. If it is a pronoun, then it must come before the particle.

関連する語

• kiss and make up
• make it up as one goes along
• make it up to
• make up one's mind

派生語

• make-up remover

形容詞

make-up (not comparable)

1. Made-up, false, imaginary, fabricated.
2. (informal) Of or relating to a reconciliation.

   Joe and Joanne had a big fight, and then apologized and had incredible make-up sex.

   We only argue because of the make-up sex.

派生語

アナグラム

• upmake