quarrelとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈkwɒɹ(ə)l/
• (米国発音) enPR: 'kwôrəl, 'kwŏrəl, IPA^(key): /ˈkwɔɹəl/, /ˈkwɑ-/
• 韻: -ɒɹəl
• ハイフネーション: quar‧rel

語源 1

From Middle English querele (“altercation, dispute; argument, debate; armed combat; trial by combat; basis for dispute, complaint; claim, legal suit; a lament; illness”) [and other forms],^[1] from Anglo-Norman querele [and other forms] and Middle French querele, querelle (“altercation, dispute; basis for dispute; side in a dispute; complaint; accusation; legal suit; lament; problem”) (modern French querelle), and from their etymon Latin querēla, querella (“dispute; argument; complaint, grievance; legal complaint; lament; illness”), from querī + -ēla, -ella (suffix forming nouns).^[2] Querī is the present active infinitive of queror (“to complain; to bewail, lament; to be indignant”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwes- (“to puff; to sigh”).

The word had replaced 古期英語 sacan (“basis for dispute”) by 1340.

名詞

quarrel (複数形 quarrels)

1. A dispute or heated argument (especially one that is verbal).

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:dispute

   We got into a silly quarrel about what food to order.

   • 1851, Francis, Duc de la Rochefoucauld [i.e., François de La Rochefoucauld], [anonymous], transl., Moral Reflections, Sentences and Maxims of Francis, Duc de la Rochefoucauld. […], New York, N.Y.: William Gowans, OCLC 9452642, number 523, page 140:

     Quarrels would not last long, if the fault was only on one side.

   • 2016 June 17, John O’Sullivan, “U.K. Membership in the European Union”, in C-SPAN‎^[1], 4:34 from the start, archived from the original on 23 December 2020:

     All quarrels halt at the grave.

2. Often preceded by a form of to have: a basis or ground of dispute or objection; a complaint; also, a feeling or situation of ill will and unhappiness caused by this.

   A few customers in the shop had some quarrels with us, so we called for the manager.

   I have no quarrel with her; it’s her partner whom I dislike.

   • 1593, anonymous, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:

     I maruaile much my Lords what rage it is,
     That moues my people whom I loue ſo deare,
     Vnder a ſhow of quarrell good and iust,
     To riſe againſt vs thus in mutinies, […]

   • c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iv], page 269, column 1:

     You miſtake ſir I am ſure, no man hath any quarrell to me: my remembrance is very free and cleere from any image of offence done to any man.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Mark 6:19, column 1:

     Therefore Herodias had a quarrel against him [John the Baptist], and would haue killed him, but ſhe could not.

   • 1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave I. Marley’s Ghost.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], OCLC 55746801, pages 10–11:

     I am sorry, with all my heart, to find you so resolute. We have never had any quarrel, to which I have been a party. But I have made the trial in homage to Christmas, and I'll keep my Christmas humour to the last. So A Merry Christmas, uncle!

3. (rare) A propensity to quarrel; quarrelsomeness.
   • c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, OCLC 724111485, [Act II, scene iii], page 30:

     If I can faſten but one cup vpon him, / With that which he hath drunke to night already, / Hee'll be as full of quarrell and offence, / As my young miſtris dog:— [...]

   • 1605, Francis Bacon, “The First Booke”, in The Tvvoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], OCLC 932932554, folio 32, verso:

     [A]ll beaſts and birds aſſembled; and forgetting their ſeuerall appetites; ſome of pray, ſome of game, ſome of quarrell, ſtood all ſociably together liſtening vnto the ayres and accords of the Harpe; [...]

別の表記

• quarrell (廃れた用法)

関連する語

• querent

語源 2

From Middle English querelen (“to dispute, quarrel; to assert one's claims; to rebel”) [and other forms], from querele (noun);^[3] see etymology 1. Compare Anglo-Norman, Middle French, and Old French quereler, quereller (“to argue with, dispute; to criticize; to bring a legal suit”) (modern French quereller (“to quarrel, squabble”)).^[4]

動詞

quarrel (third-person singular simple present quarrels, present participle (英国用法) quarrelling or (米国用法) quarreling, simple past and past participle (英国用法) quarrelled or (米国用法) quarreled)

1. (intransitive, also figuratively) To argue fiercely; to contend; to squabble; to cease to be on friendly terms, to fall out.
   • 1605, Francis Bacon, “The Second Booke”, in The Tvvoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], OCLC 932932554, folio 41, verso:

     [T]here is no doubt but the facture or framing of the inward parts, is as full of difference, as the outward, and in that, is the Cauſe Continent of many diſeaſes, which not be obſerued, they quarrell many times with the humors which are not in fault, the fault being in the very frame and Mechanicke of the parte, which cannot be remoued by medicine alteratiue, but muſt be accomodate and palliate by dyets and medicines familiar.

   • 1672, William Temple, “An Essay upon the Original and Nature of Government. […]”, in Miscellanea. The First Part. [...], 3rd edition, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], and Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1691, OCLC 1113628240, page 61:

     Nay, they [animals] feed quietly together while there is enough for them all: Quarrel onely when it begins to fail; and when 'tis ended, they ſcatter to ſeek out new encounters. Besides, thoſe called ſociable, quarrel in hunger and in luſt, as well as the others; [...]

   • 1843 December 19, Charles Dickens, “Stave Four. The Last of the Spirits.”, in A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, London: Chapman & Hall, […], OCLC 55746801, page 147:

     I know, my dears, that when we recollect how patient and how mild he was; although he was a little, little child; we shall not quarrel easily among ourselves, and forget poor Tiny Tim in doing it.

2. (intransitive) To find fault; to cavil.

   to quarrel with one’s lot

   • 1680, Horace, Earl of Roscommon [i.e., Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon], transl., Horace’s Art of Poetry. […], London: […] Henry Herringman […], OCLC 81670860, page 24:

     Be not too rigidly Cenſorious, / A ſtring may jarr in the beſt Maſters hand, / And the moſt skilfull Archer miſs his aim; / But in a Poem elegantly writ, / I will not quarrel with a ſlight miſtake, / Such as our Natures frailty may excuſe; [...]

3. (intransitive, obsolete) Followed by at: to disagree with; to take offence.
4. (transitive, obsolete except Scotland) To argue or squabble with (someone).
   • 1598, Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Hvmovr. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Ben Jonson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, OCLC 960101342, Act II, scene i, page 21:

     [T]hey would ſay [...] that I had quarrell'd / My brother purpoſely, thereby to finde / An apt pretext, to baniſh them my houſe.

Conjugation

別の表記

• quarrell (廃れた用法)

派生語

• quarreler, quarreller
• quarrelsome

語源 3

A crossbow quarrel (sense 1) or bolt of the 16th or 17th century.

From Middle English quarrel (“bolt for an arbalest, crossbow, or siege engine; (figurative) seductive glance, temptation to sin; needle (possibly one square in cross-section); small (perhaps square-shaped) opening in window tracery; a cushion (perhaps square-shaped)”) [and other forms],^[5] from Anglo-Norman quarel, quarele, quarrel, Middle French quarrel, and Old French quarel, quarrel, carrel (“crossbow bolt; floor tile or paving stone (rectangular- または square-shaped); small glass pane for windows”) (modern French carreau (“crossbow bolt; a tile; windowpane; a square”)), from Late Latin quarellus, quadrellus (“crossbow bolt; paving stone; a tile”), from Latin quadrum (“a square; square section; regular shape または form”) + -ellus (variant of -ulus (suffix forming diminutive nouns, indicating small size または youth)).^[6] Quadrum is ultimately derived from quattuor (“four”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (“four”).

名詞

quarrel (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 quarrels)

1. (countable, archery, historical) An arrow or bolt for a crossbow or an arbalest (“a late, large type of crossbow”), traditionally with the head square in its cross section.

   Synonyms: (廃れた用法) carrel, quarry

   • 1600, [Torquato Tasso], “The Seuenth Booke of Godfrey of Bulloigne”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, OCLC 940138160, stanza 103, page 137:

     Twanged the ſtring, out flew the quarell long, / And through the ſubtile aire did ſinging pas, / It hit the knight the buckles rich among, / Wherewith his pretious girdle faſt'ned was, / It bruſed them and pearſt his hawberke ſtrong, / Some little blood downe trickled on the gras; [...]

   • 1820, Walter Scott, chapter XIV, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], OCLC 230694662, page 281:

     Here be two arblasts, comrade, with windlaces and quarrells—to the barbican with you, and see you drive each bolt through a Saxon brain.

   • 1829 January–July, [Edward Augustus Kendall], “Illustrations of History. Archery.”, in The Olio; or Museum of Entertainment, volume III, London: […] Shackell and Carfrae [for] Joseph Shackell, […], OCLC 985507367, page 174, column 2:

     The small cross-bow, called the arbalet or arbalest, is said to have been invented by the Sicilians. It was carried by the foot-soldiers, and when used was charged with a quarrel or bar-bolt, that is, a small arrow with a flat head, one of which occasioned the death of Harold [Godwinson] at the battle of Hastings, [...]

   • 1891, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “How the Yellow Cog Fought the Two Rover Galleys”, in The White Company […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 1152655608, page 71:

     "What was that?" he asked, as a hissing, sharp-drawn voice seemed to whisper in his ear. The steersman smiled, and pointed with his foot to where a short heavy cross-bow quarrel stuck quivering in the boards.

2. (countable, architecture) A diamond- or square-shaped piece of glass forming part of a lattice window.

   Synonym: quarry

3. (countable, Northern England, architecture) A square tile; a quarry tile; (uncountable) such tiles collectively.

   Synonym: (古風な用法) quarry

4. (countable, obsolete, rare) A cutting tool or chisel with a diamond- or square-shaped end.
5. (countable, architecture, obsolete) A small square-shaped opening in window tracery.

関連する語

• quarl
• quarry

参照