shearとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ʃɪə(ɹ)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ʃɪɹ/
• (near–square merger) IPA^(key): /ʃɛə/
• 韻: -ɪə(ɹ), -ɛə(ɹ)
• Homophone: sheer

動詞

shear (三人称単数 現在形 shears, 現在分詞 shearing, 過去形 sheared または shore, 過去分詞 shorn または sheared)

1. To cut, originally with a sword or other bladed weapon, now usually with shears, or as if using shears.
   • 1819, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe:

     So trenchant was the Templar’s weapon, that it shore asunder, as it had been a willow twig, the tough and plaited handle of the mace, which the ill-fated Saxon reared to parry the blow, and, descending on his head, levelled him with the earth.

   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 68”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

     the golden tresses […] were shorn away

2. To remove the fleece from a sheep etc. by clipping.

   shear the llamas

3. To cut the hair of (a person).

   shear the afro off someone's head

4. (physics) To deform because of forces pushing in opposite directions.
5. (aviation, meteorology, intransitive, of wind) To change in direction or speed.
   • 1985 March 21, National Transportation Safety Board, “2.3 Airplane Takeoff Performance”, in Aircraft Accident Report: United Airlines Flight 663, Boeing 727-222, N7647U, Denver, Colorado, May 31, 1984‎^[1], page 41:

     The total along-the-runway wind component sheared from an 8-knot headwind to about a 56-knot tailwind over a 44-second period.

6. (mathematics) To transform by displacing every point in a direction parallel to some given line by a distance proportional to the point’s distance from the line.
7. (mining, intransitive) To make a vertical cut in coal.
8. (Scotland) To reap, as grain.
   • 1769, John Aldington, A Poem on the Cruelty of Shooting etc.:

     Soon as the bending Scythe,
     And Sickle keen, have shear'd the golden Grain,
     Array'd in all the Equipage of Death,
     Forth the stern Sportsman stalks

9. (figurative) To deprive of property; to fleece.

派生語

• shear off

名詞

shear (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 shears)

1. A cutting tool similar to scissors, but often larger.

   Synonym: shears

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     short of their wool, and naked from the shear

2. (metalworking) A large machine use for cutting sheet metal.
3. The act of shearing, or something removed by shearing.
   • 1837, William Youatt, Sheep: Their Breeds, Management, and Diseases

     After the second shearing, he is a two-shear ram; […] at the expiration of another year, he is a three-shear ram; the name always taking its date from the time of shearing.

4. (physics) Forces that push in opposite directions.
5. (aviation, meteorology) Wind shear, or an instance thereof.

   We hit a nasty shear on approach and had to go around.

6. (mathematics) A transformation that displaces every point in a direction parallel to some given line by a distance proportional to the point’s distance from the line.
7. (geology) The response of a rock to deformation usually by compressive stress, resulting in particular textures.

派生語

• megashear
• shearer
• shearography
• shearwater
• wind shear, windshear

形容詞

shear

1. Misspelling of sheer.

アナグラム

• Asher, Rahes, Share, asher, earsh, hares, harse, hears, heras, rheas, sehar, sehra, share