napとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English nappen, from 古期英語 hnappian (“to doze, slumber, sleep”), from Proto-West Germanic *hnappōn (“to nap”). Cognate with Old High German hnaffezan, hnaffezzan (whence Middle High German nafzen (“to slumber”) whence German dialectal napfezen, nafzen (“to nod, slumber, nap”)).

名詞

nap (複数形 naps)

2. A short period of sleep, especially one during the day.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:shut-eye, Thesaurus:sleep

派生語

参考

See Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take for collocations of nap.

動詞

nap (三人称単数 現在形 naps, 現在分詞 napping, 過去形および過去分詞形 napped)

1. To have a nap; to sleep for a short period of time, especially during the day.

   Synonyms: snooze, doze

2. (figurative) To be off one's guard.

   The regulators were caught napping by the financial collapse.

   • 1662, [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:

     I took thee napping, unprepared.

派生語

• catch napping

語源 2

From late Middle English noppe, nappe, from Middle Dutch and Middle Low German noppe, noppen (“to trim the nap”), ultimately from knappen (“to eat, crack”), of imitative origin. Related to the first element of knapsack.

名詞

nap (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 naps)

2. A soft or fuzzy surface, generally on fabric or leather.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     I tell thee, Jack Cade the clothier means to dress the commonwealth, and turn it, and set a new nap upon it.

   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “16”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     On his long, gaunt body, he carried no spare flesh, no superfluous beard, his chin having a soft, economical nap to it, like the worn nap of his broad-brimmed hat.

   • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 37:

     There were low bookshelves, there was a thick pinkish Chinese rug in which a gopher could have spent a week without showing his nose above the nap.

   • 1961, Skyline, page 9:

     THEY CALL IT the "nap of the Earth," that area from the ground to the level of surrounding trees and hills, the thin rug of foliage and rock folds at the Earth's skin line that has become all-important to the United States Army.

   • 1987, Some Data Processing Requirements for Precision Nap-Of-the-Earth (NOE) Guidance and Control of Rotorcraft:

     If incorporated in automatic guidance, this practical pursuit adjustment will enhance pilot acceptance of automatic guidance in following nap-of-the-earth profiles with precision.

4. The common direction, on some kinds of fabric, of the hairs making up the pile.

   If the fabric has a nap, make sure all pieces are cut with the nap going the same direction.

   • 1969, Classic Car, volumes 17-19, page 32:

     Instead of grinding the pistons straight around the axis, they are ground diagonally with a special-built machine. As a result, the “nap” of the metal is turned in such a way that, when it meets the “nap” of the cylinder wall, both surfaces quickly develop a high finish which removes the danger of scoring a piston.

派生語

• napless

動詞

nap (三人称単数 現在形 naps, 現在分詞 napping, 過去形および過去分詞形 napped)

1. To form or raise a soft or fuzzy surface on (fabric または leather).

語源 3

From the name of the French emperor Napoleon I of France.

名詞

nap (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 naps)

2. (Britain) A type of bet in British horse racing, based on the experts' best tips.
   • 2005, Leighton Vaughan-Williams, The Economics of Gambling, page 71:

     4. Races run on English, Welsh or Scottish racecourses. This criterion was included so that media tipsters ^[sic] nap selections in general could be analysed; the source of naps, The Racing Rag 'tipster table', summarises the nap selections of newspaper tipsters, who restrict their selection to horses running at racecourses in these countries.

3. (uncountable, card games) A card game in which players take tricks; properly Napoleon.
4. A bid to take five tricks in the card game Napoleon.

派生語

• go nap

語源 4

Probably of North Germanic origin, from Old Swedish nappa (“to pluck, pinch”). Related to nab.

動詞

nap (三人称単数 現在形 naps, 現在分詞 napping, 過去形および過去分詞形 napped)

1. (obsolete) To grab; to nab.

派生語

語源 5

From French napper, from nappe (“nape”).

動詞

nap (三人称単数 現在形 naps, 現在分詞 napping, 過去形および過去分詞形 napped)

1. (cooking) To cover (something) with a sauce. (usually in the passive)
   • 2006, Wayne Gisslen, Mary Ellen Griffin, Professional Cooking for Canadian Chefs:

     Vanilla ice cream topped with a poached or canned pear half, napped with chocolate sauce, and garnished with toasted sliced almonds.

語源 6

From Middle English nap (“a bowl”), from 古期英語 hnæpp (“a cup, bowl”), from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz (“a cup, bowl”). Cognate with Dutch nap (“drinking cup”), German Napf (“bowl”), Low German Napp (“bowl, cup”), Icelandic hnappur (“button, key”). Doublet of hanap. See also nappy.

名詞

nap (複数形 naps)

1. (Northern England, Scotland) A cup, bowl.

参照

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

アナグラム

• ANP, NPA, PAN, PNA, Pan, Pan., pan, pan-

接尾辞

-nap

1. Forming verbs with the sense of "abduct", or sometimes "abscond with".

使用する際の注意点

• Verbs formed with this suffix are typically found in their gerund-participle forms (in -napping), and in derived agent nouns (in -napper).

派生語

• dognap (dognapper, dognapping)
• bossnap (bossnapper, bossnapping)

アナグラム

• ANP, NPA, PAN, PNA, Pan, Pan., pan, pan-