pencilとは

語源

From Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛnsəl/
• (also) (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛnsɪl/
• 韻: -ɛnsəl

名詞

pencil (複数形 pencils)

1. A writing utensil with a graphite (commonly referred to as lead) shaft, usually blended with clay, clad in wood, and sharpened to a taper.
2. (obsolete) A paintbrush.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.0:

     But living art may not least part expresse, / Nor life-resembling pencill it can paynt […].

   • 1603, John Florio, transl.; Michel de Montaigne, The Essayes, […], printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
     , II.17:

     why is it not lawfull for every man to pourtray himself with his pen, as it was for him to doe it with a pensell?

3. (geometry) A family of geometric objects with a common property, such as the set of lines that pass through a given point in a projective plane.
4. (optics) An aggregate or collection of rays of light, especially when diverging from, or converging to, a point.
   • 1863, The Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal

     When, by the pencil becoming oblique to the surface, the vergency produced on the pencil becomes changed, the primary and secondary focal points, V and H, separate […]

5. (medicine, archaic) A small medicated bougie.

関連する語

動詞

pencil (third-person singular simple present pencils, present participle (英国用法) pencilling or (米国用法) penciling, simple past and past participle (英国用法) pencilled or (米国用法) penciled)

1. (transitive) To write (something) using a pencil.

   I penciled (BrE: pencilled) a brief reminder in my notebook.

2. (transitive) To mark with, or as if with, a pencil.
   • 1852, The Ark, and Odd Fellows' Western Magazine

     It pencilled each flower with rich and variegated hues, and threw over its exuberant foliage a vesture of emerald green.

派生語

• pencil in

Further reading

• pencil on Wikipedia.