mediumとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: mē'diəm, IPA^(key): /ˈmiːdɪəm/
• 韻: -iːdiəm

名詞

medium (複数形 media または mediums)

1. (複数形 media または mediums) The chemistry of the surrounding environment, e.g. solid, liquid, gas, vacuum, or a specific substance such as a solvent.
3. (複数形 media または mediums) The materials or empty space through which signals, waves or forces pass.
   • 1626, Francis Bacon, Sylva Sylvarum: or A Naturall Historie, London: William Lee, III. Century, p. 60,^[1]

     Whether any other Liquours, being made Mediums, cause a Diuersity of Sound from Water, it may be tried:

   • 1642, John Denham, The Sophy, London: Thomas Walkley, Act II, Scene 1, p. 12,^[2]

     He’s old and jealous, apt for suspitions, gainst which tyrants ears

     Are never clos’d. The Prince is young,

     Fierce, and ambitious, I must bring together

     All these extreames, and then remove all Mediums,

     That each may be the others object.

5. (複数形 media または mediums) A format for communicating or presenting information.
6. (複数形 media または mediums, engineering) The materials used to finish a workpiece using a mass finishing or abrasive blasting process.
7. (複数形 media または mediums, microbiology) A nutrient solution for the growth of cells in vitro.
   • 1996, Samuel Baron (editor), Medical Microbiology:

     In some instances one can take advantage of differential carbohydrate fermentation capabilities of microorganisms by incorporating one or more carbohydrates in the medium along with a suitable pH indicator. Such media are called differential media (e.g., eosin methylene blue または MacConkey agar) and are commonly used to isolate enteric bacilli.

8. (複数形 media または mediums) The means, channel, or agency by which an aim is achieved.
9. (複数形 mediums または media) A liquid base which carries pigment in paint.
10. (複数形 mediums または media, painting) A tool used for painting or drawing.

    Acrylics, oils, charcoal, and gouache are all mediums I used in my painting.

11. (複数形 mediums, spiritualism) Someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world.
12. (複数形 mediums) Anything having a measurement intermediate between extremes, such as a garment or container.
13. (複数形 mediums) A person whom garments or apparel of intermediate size fit.
14. (複数形 mediums, Ireland, dated, informal) A half-pint serving of Guinness (または other stout in some regions).
15. A middle place or degree.

    a happy medium

    • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, Fables of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists with Morals and Reflexions, London: R. Sare et al., Fable 215. An Oak and a Willow, Reflexion, p. 188,^[3]

      […] the Just Medium of This Case lies betwixt the Pride, and the Abjection of the Two Extreams.

    • 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, London: John Murray, Volume 2, Chapter 2, p. 29,^[4]

      Her height was pretty […] her figure particularly graceful; her size a most becoming medium, between fat and thin […]

    • 1850, Charles Dickens, David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, Chapter 44, p. 453,^[5]

      In search of the principle on which joints ought to be roasted, to be roasted enough, and not too much, I myself referred to the Cookery Book […] . But the principle always failed us by some curious fatality, and we never could hit any medium between redness and cinders.

16. (dated) An average; sometimes the mathematical mean.
    • 1769, Edmund Burke, Observations on a Late State of the Nation, London: J. Dodsley, p. 13,^[6]

      a medium of six years of war, and six years of peace

17. (logic) The mean or middle term of a syllogism, that by which the extremes are brought into connection.

派生語

• (microbiology, nutrient solution): differential medium
• (person claiming to convey information from the spirit world): mediumistic, mediumism, mediumship
• (middle place または degree): happy medium, strike a medium

形容詞

medium (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Arithmetically average.
2. Of intermediate size, degree, amount etc.
3. Of meat, cooked to a point greater than rare but less than well done; typically, so the meat is still red in the centre.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:intermediate

派生語

• medium wave, mediumwave

関連する語

• mean
• mediate
• mediation
• mediator
• median
• mediocre
• mediocrity

副詞

medium (comparative more medium, superlative most medium)

1. to a medium extent

同意語

• mediumly

参照

• medium in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• medium in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

アナグラム

• edimmu

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈme.di.um/, [ˈmɛ.d̪i.ʊ̃ˑ]

形容詞

medium

1. inflection of medius:
   1. masculine accusative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular

名詞

medium n (genitive mediī または medī); second declension

1. middle, center, medium, midst
2. community, public, publicity

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

派生語

• e medio abeo
• in medio

派生した語

名詞

medium

1. accusative singular of medius
2. genitive singular of medius

参照

• medium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• medium in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• medium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[7], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) the Mediterranean Sea: mare medium or internum
    
  • (ambiguous) the middle ages: media quae vocatur aetas
    
  • (ambiguous) manhood: aetas constans, media, firmata, corroborata (not virilis)
    
  • (ambiguous) to remove a person: e or de medio tollere
    
  • (ambiguous) to become known, become a topic of common conversation (used of things): foras efferri, palam fieri, percrebrescere, divulgari, in medium proferri, exire, emanare
    
  • (ambiguous) to leave a thing undecided: aliquid in medio, in dubio relinquere (Cael. 20. 48)
    
  • (ambiguous) elevated, moderate, plain style: genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
    
  • (ambiguous) to bring a subject forward into discussion: in medium proferre aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere)
    
  • (ambiguous) to break off in the middle of the conversation: medium sermonem abrumpere (Verg. Aen. 4. 388)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be neutral: medium esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be neutral: medium se gerere
    
  • (ambiguous) the centre of the marching column: agmen medium (Liv. 10. 41)
    
  • (ambiguous) the centre: media acies
    
  • (ambiguous) let us leave that undecided: hoc in medio relinquamus