rareとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English rare, borrowed from Old French rare, rere (“まれに, まれに”), from Latin rārus (“loose, spaced apart, thin, infrequent”), from Proto-Indo-European *er(e)-, *rē- (“friable, thin”). Replaced native Middle English gesen (“まれに, scarce”) (from 古期英語 gǣsne), Middle English seld (“まれに, まれに”) (from 古期英語 selden), and Middle English seldscene (“まれに, まれに seen, infrequent”) (from 古期英語 seldsēne; see seldsome).

形容詞

rare (comparative rarer, superlative rarest)

1. Very uncommon; scarce.

   Black pearls are very rare and therefore very valuable.

   • 2013 May-June, David Van Tassel, Lee DeHaan, “Wild Plants to the Rescue”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:

     Plant breeding is always a numbers game. […] The wild species we use are rich in genetic variation, and individual plants are highly heterozygous and do not breed true. In addition, we are looking for rare alleles, so the more plants we try, the better.

   Synonyms: scarce, selcouth, seld, seldsome, selly, geason, uncommon; see also Thesaurus:rare

   Antonyms: common, frequent; see also Thesaurus:common

2. (of a gas) Thin; of low density.

派生語

• rare bird
• rare earth mineral

関連する語

• rarity

語源 2

From a dialectal variant of rear, from Middle English rere, from 古期英語 hrēr, hrēre (“not thoroughly cooked, underdone, lightly boiled”), from hrēran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱera-, *ḱrā- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Related to 古期英語 hrōr (“stirring, busy, active, strong, brave”). More at rear.

別の表記

• reer, rere (British)

形容詞

rare (comparative rarer または more rare, superlative rarest または most rare)

1. (cooking, particularly meats) Cooked very lightly, so the meat is still red (in the case of steak または beef in the general sense).
   • (Can we date this quote by Dryden かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     New-laid eggs, which Baucis' busy care / Turned by a gentle fire, and roasted rare.

   Antonym: well done

派生語

• medium rare

語源 3

Variant of rear.

動詞

rare (三人称単数 現在形 rares, 現在分詞 raring, 過去形および過去分詞形 rared)

1. (US, intransitive) To rear, rise up, start backwards.
   • 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage 2007, p. 328:

     Frank pretended to rare back as if bedazzled, shielding his eyes with a forearm.

2. (US, transitive) To rear, bring up, raise.
   • 2013, Janet Peery, What the Thunder Said: A Novella and Stories, →ISBN:

     Here I have to say that I was walking along dark-hearted, my nose out of joint about Audie's notice of her, for just as quickly as my feelings kindled, my old envy rared.

使用する際の注意点

• Principal current, non-literary use is of the present participle raring with a verb in "raring to". The principal verb in that construction is go. Thus, raring to go ("eager (to start something)") is the expression in which rare is most often encountered as a verb.

語源 4

Compare rather, rath.

形容詞

rare (comparative more rare, superlative most rare)

1. (obsolete) early
   • (Can we date this quote by Chapman かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Rude mechanicals that rare and late / Work in the market place.

アナグラム

• arré, rear

Latin

副詞

rārē (comparative rārius, superlative rārissimē)

1. thinly, sparsely, here and there
2. rarely, seldom

形容詞

rāre

1. vocative masculine singular of rārus

参照

• rare in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rare in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette