collarとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English coler, borrowed from Old French coler (Modern French collier), from Late Latin collāre, from Latin collāris, from collum (“neck”). Cognate with Gothic �������� (hals, “neck”), 古期英語 heals (“neck”). Compare Spanish cuello (“neck”). More at halse.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈkɒl.ə/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑ.lɚ/
• 韻: -ɒlə(ɹ)
• Homophone: caller (in accents with the cot-caught merger)

名詞

collar (複数形 collars)

1. Clothes that encircle the neck.
   1. The part of an upper garment (shirt, jacket, etc.) that fits around the neck and throat, especially if sewn from a separate piece of fabric.
      • 1906, Stanley J[ohn] Weyman, chapter I, in Chippinge Borough, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co., →OCLC, page 01:

        It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. He wore shepherd's plaid trousers and the swallow-tail coat of the day, with a figured muslin cravat wound about his wide-spread collar.

      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

        Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.

   2. A decorative band or other fabric around the neckline.
   3. A chain worn around the neck.
   4. A similar detachable item.
   5. A coloured ring round the neck of a bird or mammal.
   6. A band or chain around an animal's neck, used to restrain and/or identify it.

      Make sure your dog has a collar holding an identification tag.

   7. A part of harness designed to distribute the load around the shoulders of a draft animal.
   8. (archaic) A hangman's knot.
2. A piece of meat from the neck of an animal.

   a collar of brawn

3. (technology) Any encircling device or structure.

   A nylon collar kept the bolt from damaging the surface underneath.

   • Popular Mechanics Complete Home How-to (page 356)

     In this case, slide the collar of the flapper over the overflow tube until it seats against the bottom of the flush valve.

   1. (rail transport) A physical lockout device to prevent operation of a mechanical signal lever.
   2. (architecture) A ring or cincture.
   3. (architecture) A collar beam.
   4. (mining) A curb, or a horizontal timbering, around the mouth of a shaft^[1].
4. (in compounds) Of or pertaining to a certain category of professions as symbolized by typical clothing.
5. (botany) The neck or line of junction between the root of a plant and its stem^[2]
6. A ringlike part of a mollusk in connection with the esophagus.
7. (nautical) An eye formed in the bight or bend of a shroud or stay to go over the masthead; also, a rope to which certain parts of rigging, as dead-eyes, are secured.
8. (slang) An arrest.
   • 2013, Dorothy Uhnak, Law and Order:

     The collar was made less than twenty-four hours after the hunky bastards butchered the old man.

9. (finance) A trading strategy using options such that there is both an upper limit on profit and a lower limit on loss, constructed through taking equal but opposite positions in a put and a call with different strike prices.

同意語

• (botany): collum

派生語

関連する語

• accolade

派生した語

• → Hausa: kwala
• → Burmese: ကော်လာ (kaula)
• → Swahili: kola

動詞

collar (三人称単数 現在形 collars, 現在分詞 collaring, 過去形および過去分詞形 collared)

1. (transitive) To grab or seize by the collar or neck.
2. (transitive) To place a collar on, to fit with one.

   Collar and leash aggressive dogs.

3. (transitive) To seize, capture or detain.
4. (transitive) To steal.
   • 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 52:

     "Ho, aboard the Salt Junk Sarah,
     Rollin" home across the line,
     The Bo'sun collared the Captain's hat
     And threw it in the brine.

5. (transitive) To preempt, control stringently and exclusively.
7. (law enforcement, transitive) To arrest.
8. (figuratively, transitive) To bind in conversation.

   I managed to collar Fred in the office for an hour.

9. (transitive) To roll up (beef または other meat) and bind it with string preparatory to cooking.
10. (transitive, BDSM) To bind (a submissive) to a dominant under specific conditions or obligations.

派生語

• collar the bowling
• collaring

参照

アナグラム

• Caroll, Croall

語源

From collar, in the sense of "the part of a shirt or jacket that fits around the neck and throat". Originally used in blue-collar and white-collar, in reference to the blue denim work-shirts traditionally worn by manual laborers and the white dress shirts traditionally worn by office workers, respectively; generalized in pink-collar and open-collar, which retain the image of an actual shirt collar, as well as in black-collar, green-collar, and others, where no such image is intended.

名詞

-collar

1. Of or pertaining to a certain category of professions or occupations.

使用する際の注意点

• -collar always follows an adjective, or a noun used attributively. The two are sometimes attached with a hyphen (e.g. pink-collar), sometimes with a space (e.g. pink collar); this alternation does not affect the pronunciation or sense.

派生語

• black-collar
• blue-collar
• gray-collar, grey-collar
• green-collar
• open-collar
• pink-collar
• scarlet-collar
• white-collar