experimentとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ɪkˈspɛ.ɹɪ.mənt/, /ɛkˈspɛ.ɹɪ.mənt/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, /ɪkˈspɪɹ.ə.mənt/
• ハイフネーション: ex‧per‧i‧ment

名詞

experiment (複数形 experiments)

1. A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.

   conduct an experiment

   carry out some experiments

   perform a scientific experiment

   • 1837, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Ethel Churchill, volume 2, page 327:

     From her childhood she had been accustomed to watch, and often to aid, in her uncle's chemical experiments; she was, therefore, not at a loss, as a complete novice in the science would have been.

   • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     South Korean officials announced last month that an experiment to create artificial rain did not provide the desired results.

2. (obsolete) Experience, practical familiarity with something.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto vi:

     Pilot [...] Vpon his card and compas firmes his eye,
     The maisters of his long experiment,
     And to them does the steddy helme apply [...].

派生語

• sexperiment
• experimental

動詞

experiment (三人称単数 現在形 experiments, 現在分詞 experimenting, 過去形および過去分詞形 experimented)

1. (intransitive) To conduct an experiment.

   We're going to experiment on rats.

2. (transitive, obsolete) To experience; to feel; to perceive; to detect.
   • 1662 Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Dialogue 2):

     The Earth, the which may have carried us about perpetually ... without our being ever able to experiment its rest.

3. (transitive, obsolete) To test or ascertain by experiment; to try out; to make an experiment on.
   • 1481 William Caxton, The Mirrour of the World 1.5.22:

     Til they had experimented whiche was trewe, and who knewe most.

派生語

• experimenter

参照

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “experiment”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.