gasolineとは意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• gasolene (古風な用法 in America, but not in Jamaica)

語源

From Cazeline (possibly influenced by Gazeline, the name of an Irish copy), a brand of petroleum-derived lighting oil,^[1] from the surname of the man who first marketed it in 1862, John Cassell,^[2] and the suffix –eline. The name Cassell is from Anglo-Norman castel^[3] (cognate of English castle), from Old French castel, from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum. The suffix -eline is from Ancient Greek ἔλαιον (élaion, “oil, olive oil”), from ἐλαία (elaía, “olive”). Gasolene is found from 1863, and gasoline from 1864.^[4]

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɡæs.ə.lin/
  • (米国発音, dialectal) IPA^(key): /ɡæsl̩ˈin/, /ɡæsˈlin/, [ɡæˈsɵlin], [ɡæsɵˈlin]
• 韻: -iːn

名詞

gasoline (usually uncountable, 複数形 gasolines)

1. (uncountable, Canada, 米国用法) A flammable liquid consisting of a mixture of refined petroleum hydrocarbons, mainly used as a motor fuel; petrol.
   • 1864, Congress of the United States, Internal Revenue Act §94:

     […] naphtha of specific gravity exceeding eighty degrees […] and of the kind usually known as gasoline, shall be subject to a tax of five per centum ad valorem.

   • 1991, Backdraft:

     So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was that before or after you noticed you were standing in a lake of gasoline?

   • 2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, “New Jersey Continues to Cope with Hurricane Sandy”, in New York Times‎^[4], retrieved 31 October 2012:

     Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.

2. (countable) Any specific kind of gasoline.

   The refinery produces a wide range of gasolines.

3. (slang, drugs) Marijuana, especially very potent or high quality.

   Synonym: gas

4. (slang) An alcoholic beverage made of vodka and energy drink.

使用する際の注意点

Gasoline is defined by its combustion properties rather than by chemical composition, which is quite variable.

同意語

• gas (North America)
• petrol (英国用法, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa)

下位語

• autogas, mogas
• avgas

派生語

• gas (North America)

派生した語

• → Spanish: gasolina
  • → Cebuano: gasolina
  • → Tagalog: gasolina
  • → Zoogocho Zapotec: gasolin

形容詞

gasoline (not comparable)

1. Made from or using gasoline.
   • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion‎^[5]:

     If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the ever more expensive and then universally known killing hazards of gasoline cars: […] .

参照