tenseとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English tens, from Old French tens (modern French temps), from Latin tempus. Doublet of tempo.

名詞

tense (複数形 tenses)

2. (grammar, countable) Any of the forms of a verb which distinguish when an action or state of being occurs or exists.

   The basic tenses in English are present, past, and future.

3. (linguistics, grammar, countable) An inflected form of a verb that indicates tense.

   English only has a present tense and a past tense; it has no future tense.

   • 1530 July 18, Iohan Palſgrave, “The Introduction”, in Leſclarciſſement de la langue francoyſe […] ‎^[1], London: Richard Pynſon, Iohan Haukyns, OCLC 715474564, page 32; reprinted as Lesclarcissement de la langue françoyse, Genève: Slatkine Reprints, 1972:

     In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation / I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes […]

4. (linguistics, uncountable) The property of indicating the point in time at which an action or state of being occurs or exists.

   Dyirbal verbs are not inflected for tense.

使用する際の注意点

• Some English-language authorities only consider inflected forms of verbs (i.e. the present かつ past tenses) as tenses, and not periphrastic forms such as the simple future with will.
• Grammatically tense (the location of an event in time: past, present, future) is often distinguished from aspect (how an event occurs または is viewed by the speaker: finished, ongoing, habitual, etc.). So I am eating and I was eating have different tenses (present かつ past) but the same aspect (continuous), whereas I was eating and I had eaten have the same tense (past) and different aspects (continuous かつ perfect). However, it is common in English (especially in language teaching) to refer to aspects as tenses (e.g. the perfect tense, the continuous tense).

派生語

• tensal

関連する語

• See: Category:en:Tenses

動詞

tense (三人称単数 現在形 tenses, 現在分詞 tensing, 過去形および過去分詞形 tensed)

1. (grammar, transitive) To apply a tense to.

   tensing a verb

語源 2

Borrowed from Latin tēnsus, one form of the past participle of tendō (“stretch”). Ultimately identical to Etymology 1.

形容詞

tense (comparative tenser, superlative tensest)

1. Showing signs of stress or strain; not relaxed.

   Synonyms: stressed, unrelaxed

   You need to relax, all this overtime and stress is making you tense.

2. Pulled taut, without any slack.

派生語

• hypertense

関連する語

• tend
• tension
• tent
• intense

動詞

tense (三人称単数 現在形 tenses, 現在分詞 tensing, 過去形および過去分詞形 tensed)

2. (transitive) To make tense.
4. (intransitive) To become tense.