laxとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /læks/
• 韻: -æks
• Homophone: lacks

別の表記

• lacks (Killian)

語源 1

From Middle English lax, from 古期英語 leax (“salmon”), from Proto-West Germanic *lahs (“salmon”), from Proto-Germanic *lahsaz (“salmon”), from Proto-Indo-European *laḱs- (“salmon, trout”). Cognate with Middle Dutch lacks, lachs, lasche (“salmon”), Middle Low German las (“salmon”), German Lachs (“salmon”), Norwegian laks (“salmon”), Danish laks (“salmon”), Swedish lax (“salmon”), Icelandic lax (“salmon”), Lithuanian lašišà (“salmon”), Latvian lasis, Russian лосо́сь (losósʹ, “salmon”), Albanian leshterik (“eel-grass”). Doublet of lox.

名詞

lax (複数形 laxes)

1. (now chiefly UK dialectal, Scotland) A salmon.

関連する語

• gravlax
• lox

語源 2

Borrowed from Latin laxus (“wide, roomy, loose”).

形容詞

lax (comparative laxer, superlative laxest)

1. Lenient and allowing for deviation; not strict.

   The rules are fairly lax, but you have to know which ones you can bend.

   • 1886, John Addington Symonds, Philip Sidney:

     Society at that epoch was lenient, if not lax, in matters of the passions.

2. Loose; not tight or taut.

   The rope fell lax.

   • 1701, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, […], 3rd edition, London: […] Sam[uel] Smith, and Benj[amin] Walford, […], →OCLC, part II, page 355:

     The Fleſh of this ſort of [cartilaginous] Fiſh being lax and ſpungy, and nothing ſo firm, ſolid and weighty as that of the bony Fiſhes, and there being a good quantity of Air contained in the Cavity of their Abdomen, they cannot ſink in the Water without letting in ſome of it by theſe Holes (the Orifices whereof are opened かつ ſhut at pleaſure by the help of Muſcles provided for that purpoſe) into the hollow of their Bellies, whereby they preponderate the Water and deſcend; […]

   • 1979, “Genetical Studies on Dense and Lax Panicles In Rice”, in Japan. J. Breed., volume 29, number 2, page 151:

     Sreedharan and Mirsa (1973) reported that two lax panicle mutants, designated as nude panicle mutation, were obtained from the M₂ of two rice cultivars.

3. Lacking care; neglectful, negligent.
   • 2011 October 1, Phil Dawkes, “Sunderland 2 – 2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     Prior to this match, Albion had only scored three league goals all season, but Wes Brown's lax marking allowed Morrison to head in their fourth from a Chris Brunt free-kick and then, a minute later, the initial squandering of possession and Michael Turner's lack of pace let Long run through to slot in another.

4. (mathematics) Describing an associative monoidal functor.
5. (archaic) Having a looseness of the bowels; diarrheal.

同意語

• (lenient, not strict): permissive, lenient, relaxed
• (loose, not tight): loose, slack
• (lacking care): blameworthy, lash, negligent, remiss, reprehensible

反意語

• (lenient, not strict): strict
• (loose, not tight): taut, tight

派生語

• lax vowel

関連する語

• laxity

語源 3

By replacement of the syllable crosse with the cross-shaped letter x.

名詞

lax (uncountable)

1. (slang) Lacrosse.
   • 2010, Kate Kingsley, Pretty on the Outside, page 79:

     “I'm not playing lax this term,” Mimah said.

派生語

• lax bro

参考

• ex-lax fish

アナグラム

• Axl

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *laks, from the same source as laciō (“entice”).^[1]

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /laks/, [ɫ̪äks̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /laks/, [läks]

名詞

lax f (genitive lacis); third declension

1. deception, fraud

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

同意語

• fraus

参照

• “lax”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• lax in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

アナグラム

• alx