vitalとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: vī'təl, IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪtəl/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪt̬əl/
• 韻: -aɪtəl

形容詞

vital (comparative more vital, superlative most vital)

1. Relating to, or characteristic of life.

   Synonym: lifely

   vital energies; vital functions; vital actions

2. Necessary to the continuation of life; being the seat of life; being that on which life depends.

   The brain is a vital organ.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto I, stanza 12:

     And doen the heavens afford him vitall food?

   • 1913, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Poison Belt‎^[1]:

     Challenger breathed two or three times with enormous gulps, his lungs roaring as he drew in the vital gas.

3. Invigorating or life-giving.
4. Necessary to continued existence.

   The transition to farming was vital for the creation of civilisation.

5. Relating to the recording of life events.

   Birth, marriage and death certificates are vital records.

6. Very important.

   Synonyms: crucial, necessary, significant; see also Thesaurus:important

   It is vital that you don't forget to do your homework.

   • 2012 December 14, Simon Jenkins, “We mustn't overreact to North Korea boys' toys”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[2], volume 188, number 2, page 23:

     David Cameron insists that his latest communications data bill is “vital to counter terrorism”. Yet terror is mayhem. It is no threat to freedom. That threat is from counter-terror, from ministers capitulating to securocrats.

7. Containing life; living.

   Synonyms: extant, live, kicking; see also Thesaurus:alive

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 6”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     spirits that live throughout, vital in every part

   • 1715, Homer; [Alexander] Pope, transl., “Book V”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], OCLC 670734254:

     The dart […] pierced a vital part.

8. Capable of living; in a state to live; viable.
   • 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A. Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], OCLC 152706203:

     Pythagoras and Hippocrates […] affirming the birth of the seventh month to be vital.

派生語

関連する語

反意語

• mortal

Further reading

• vital in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• vital in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911.