mortalとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɔːtəl/
• 韻: -ɔː(r)təl

形容詞

mortal (comparative more mortal, superlative most mortal)

1. Susceptible to death by aging, sickness, injury, or wound; not immortal. [from 14th c.]
   • 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island:

     I was in mortal fear lest the captain should repent of his confessions and make an end of me.

2. Causing death; deadly, fatal, killing, lethal (now only of wounds, injuries etc.). [from 14th c.]
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.11:

     Blyndfold he was; and in his cruell fist / A mortall bow and arrowes keene did hold […].

3. Punishable by death.
4. Fatally vulnerable.
   • 1670, John Milton, The History of Britain, […] , London: Printed by J.M. for James Alleſtry, […] , OCLC 78038412:

     Last of all, against himself he turns his sword, but missing the mortal place, with his poniard finishes the work.

5. Of or relating to the time of death.
   • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], OCLC 960856019:

     Safe in the hand of one disposing Power, / Or in the natal or the mortal hour.

6. Affecting as if with power to kill; deathly.
   • (Can we date this quote by Dryden かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     The nymph grew pale, and in a mortal fright.

   • mortal enemy
7. Human; belonging or pertaining to people who are mortal.

   mortal wit or knowledge; mortal power

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book 10”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: Printed [by Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […] [a]nd by Robert Boulter […] [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: The Text Exactly Reproduced from the First Edition of 1667: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     The voice of God / To mortal ear is dreadful.

   • 2012, Olivia Gates, Immortal, Insatiable, Indomitable, Harlequin (→ISBN)

     “It's just...I hesitated to call the police. I wasn't sure you'd appreciate their presence.” He sure wouldn't. Mortal scum he could dispatch. Mortal law enforcement he avoided at all costs […]

8. Very painful or tedious; wearisome.

   a sermon lasting two mortal hours

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Sir Walter Scott to this entry?)

9. (Britain, slang) Very drunk; wasted; smashed.
   • 1995, Alan Warner, Morvern Callar, Vintage 2015, p. 13:

     Thats^[sic] nothing, says Tequila Sheila, who told how the summer she was housemaid in The Saint Columba she took this guy back to the staff flats while mortal on slammers and crashed out on him before anything could happen.

10. (religion) Of a sin: involving the penalty of spiritual death, rather than merely venial.

同意語

• (causing death): fatal, lethal, baneful

反意語

• (susceptible to death): immortal, everlasting
• (of または relating to death): natal, vital
• (causing death): vital

派生語

• mortality
• mortally
• mortal sin

名詞

mortal (複数形 mortals)

1. A human; someone susceptible to death.

   Antonym: immortal

   Her wisdom was beyond that of a mere mortal.

   • 1596, William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night's Dream

     Lord what fools these mortals be!

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:

     But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […].

派生語

• lesser mortal
• mere mortal

関連する語

• moribund

副詞

mortal (not comparable)

1. (colloquial) Mortally; enough to cause death.

   It's mortal cold out there.