breadとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: brĕd, IPA^(key): /bɹɛd/
• 韻: -ɛd
• Homophone: bred

語源 1

From Middle English bred, breed, from 古期英語 brēad (“fragment, bit, morsel, crumb", also "bread”), from Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą (“cooked food, leavened bread”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrew- (“to boil, seethe”) (see brew).

Alternatively, from Proto-Germanic *braudaz, *brauþaz (“broken piece, fragment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰera- (“to split, beat, hew, struggle”) (see brittle). Perhaps a conflation of the two.

Cognate with Scots breid (“bread”), Saterland Frisian Brad (“bread”), West Frisian brea (“bread”), Dutch brood (“bread”), German Brot (“bread”), Danish and Norwegian brød (“bread”), Swedish bröd (“bread”), Icelandic brauð (“bread”), Albanian brydh (“I make crumbly, friable, soft”), Latin frustum (“crumb”).

Eclipsed non-native Middle English payn (“bread”), borrowed from Old French pain (“bread”).

名詞

bread (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 breads)

1. (uncountable)
   1. A foodstuff made by baking dough made from cereals.

      We made sandwiches with the bread we bought from the bakery.

      Any leftover bread can be put into the pudding.

   2. Food; sustenance; support of life, in general.
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 4:11:

        Give us this day our daily bread.

      • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 8, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

        Philander went into the next room […] and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.

2. (countable) Any variety of bread.
3. (slang, US or Cockney) Money.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:money

   • 1962, James Baldwin, Another Country, New York, N. Y.: The Dial Press, published 1963 January, pages 3–4:

     Maybe somebody would see him and recognize him, maybe one of the guys would lay enough bread on him for a meal or at least subway fare.

   • 1967, “San Franciscan Nights”, in Winds of Change, performed by Eric Burdon and The Animals:

     […] save up all your bread, and fly Trans-Love Airways to San Francisco, USA.

   • 1973, Billy Joel (lyrics かつ music), “Piano Man”, Billy Joel (music), performed by Billy Joel:

     And they sit at the bar and put bread in my jar / And say, "Man, what are you doing here?"

   • 2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown‎^[1], performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, かつ MJG), Sony BMG:

     Tastes like fruit when you hit it; got to have bread to get it.

使用する際の注意点

• loaf, slice, piece, hunk are some of the words used to count bread.

同意語

• (スラング: foodstuff): staff of life
• (スラング: money): dough, folding stuff, lolly, paper, spondulicks, wonga

下位語

派生語

派生した語

• Bislama: bred
• Sranan Tongo: brede
• Tok Pisin: bret
• → Fiji Hindi: bareed
• → Marshallese: būreej
• → Yoruba: búrẹ́dì

動詞

bread (三人称単数 現在形 breads, 現在分詞 breading, 過去形および過去分詞形 breaded)

1. (transitive) To coat with breadcrumbs.

   breaded fish

派生語

• breaded (adjective)
• breading (noun)

参考

• loaf

語源 2

From Middle English brede (“breadth, width, extent”), from 古期英語 brǣdu (“breadth, width, extent”), from Proto-Germanic *braidį̄ (“breadth”). Cognate with Scots brede, breid (“breadth”), Dutch breedte (“breadth”), German Breite (“breadth”), Swedish bredd (“breadth”), Icelandic breidd (“breadth”).

名詞

bread (複数形 breads)

1. (obsolete or UK dialectal, Scotland) Breadth.

派生語

• waybread

語源 3

From Middle English breden (“to spread”), from 古期英語 brǣdan (“to make broad, extend, spread, stretch out; be extended, rise, grow”), from Proto-Germanic *braidijaną (“to make broad, broaden”).

動詞

bread (三人称単数 現在形 breads, 現在分詞 breading, 過去形および過去分詞形 breaded)

1. (transitive, dialectal) To make broad; spread.^[1]

参照

語源 4

Variant of braid, from Middle English breden, from 古期英語 brēdan, breġdan (“to braid”).

別の表記

• breathe, brede

動詞

bread (三人称単数 現在形 breads, 現在分詞 breading, 過去形および過去分詞形 breaded)

1. (transitive) To form in meshes; net.

名詞

bread (複数形 breads)

1. A piece of embroidery; a braid.

アナグラム

• Bader, Beard, Breda, Debar, Debra, arbed, ardeb, bared, beard, debar

別の表記

• brēod

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą, whence also Old Frisian brād (West Frisian brea), Old Saxon brōd (German Low German Broot, Brot), Dutch brood, Old High German brōt (German Brot), Old Norse brauð and Icelandic brauð (Swedish bröd).

発音

• IPA^(key): /bræ͜ɑːd/

名詞

brēad n (nominative 複数形 brēadru) (rare, chiefly Anglian)

1. bit, piece, morsel, crumb
2. bread (foodstuff)

語形変化

同意語

• (bread): hlāf

派生語

• bēobrēad
• picgbrēad

派生した語

• Middle English: bred, bredd, brede, breed, breede, breid, brid; bread, bræd; bryad, bryead
  • English: bread
    • Bislama: bred
    • Sranan Tongo: brede
    • Tok Pisin: bret
    • → Fiji Hindi: bareed
    • → Marshallese: būreej
    • → Yoruba: búrẹ́dì
  • Scots: breid
  • Yola: breed