freshとは

語源 1

From Middle English fressh, from 古期英語 fersc (“fresh, pure, sweet”), from Proto-Germanic *friskaz (“fresh”), from Proto-Indo-European *preysk- (“fresh”). Cognate with Scots fresch (“fresh”), West Frisian farsk (“fresh”), Dutch vers (“fresh”), Walloon frexh (“fresh”), German frisch (“fresh”), French frais (“fresh”), Norwegian and Danish frisk (“fresh”), fersk, Icelandic ferskur (“fresh”), Lithuanian prėskas (“unflavoured, tasteless, fresh”), Russian пре́сный (présnyj, “sweet, fresh, unleavened, tasteless”).

Slang sense possibly shortened form of “fresh out the pack”, 1980s routine by Grand Wizzard Theodore.^{[1] [2]}

形容詞

fresh (comparative fresher, superlative freshest)

1. Newly produced or obtained.

   He followed the fresh hoofprints to find the deer.

   I seem to make fresh mistakes every time I start writing.

2. Not cooked, dried, frozen, or spoiled.

   Antonym: stale

   After taking a beating in the boxing ring, the left side of his face looked like fresh meat.

   I brought home from the market a nice bunch of fresh spinach leaves straight from the farm.

   a glass of fresh milk

3. (of plant material) Still green and not dried.
   • 1992, Rudolf M. Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, page vii

     With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get […]

4. Refreshing or cool.

   Synonym: cool

   What a nice fresh breeze.

5. (of water) Without salt; not saline.

   Antonym: saline

   After a day at sea it was good to feel the fresh water of the stream.

   • a. 1628, Sir Francis Drake (?), The World Encompassed, Nicholas Bourne (publisher, 1628), page 49:

     There we made our ſhip faſt with foure ropes, in ſmooth water, and the freſh water ranne downe out of the hill into the ſea, […]

   • 1820, William Scoresby, An Account of the Arctic Regions, Archibald Constable & Co., page 230:

     When dissolved, it produces water sometimes perfectly fresh, and sometimes saltish; […]

   • 2009, Adele Pillitteri, Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Sixth Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, →ISBN, page 1557:

     Additional changes that occur when water enters the lungs depend on whether the water is fresh or salt.

6. Rested; not tired or fatigued.

   Synonym: rested

   Antonym: tired

   • 2010 December 29, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0 - 1 Wolverhampton”, in BBC‎^[2]:

     Before the match, Hodgson had expressed the hope that his players would be fresh rather than rusty after an 18-day break from league commitments because of two successive postponements.

7. In a raw or untried state; uncultured; unpracticed.

   a fresh hand on a ship

8. Youthful; florid.
   • Shakespeare

     these fresh nymphs

9. (slang) Good, fashionable.

   Synonyms: cool, fashionable

   a fresh pair of sneakers

   • 1984, “Fresh”, in Emergency, performed by Kool & the Gang:

     I've been thinking about the way you walk / Baby ooh I like the way you talk / Tell you something I really can't hide / Heaven must have sent you to be by my side / Fresh and lovely fresh like a dream come true / I'll give anything to spend the night with you

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:inexperienced

派生語

副詞

fresh (not comparable)

1. recently; just recently; most recently

   We are fresh out of milk.

   • 2017 July 16, Brandon Nowalk, “Chickens and dragons come home to roost on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club‎^[3]:

     Hell of a surprise in the seventh season premiere of Game Of Thrones. Arya Stark, fresh off a nigh Cersei-level ambush of the Frey household, comes upon a small campfire surrounded by fresh-faced red cloaks.

名詞

fresh (複数形 freshes)

1. A rush of water, along a river or onto the land; a flood.
   • 1834, David Crockett, A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett (Nebraska, 1987), page 21:

     They went on very well with their work until it was nigh done, when there came the second epistle to Noah's fresh, and away went their mill, shot, lock, and barrel.

2. A stream or spring of fresh water.
   • Shakespeare

     He shall drink naught but brine; for I'll not show him / Where the quick freshes are.

3. The mingling of fresh water with salt in rivers or bays, as by means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward or into the sea.
   • 1705, Robert Beverley, Jr., History and Present State of Virginia:

     When they cross any great Water, or violent Fresh, or Torrent, they throw Tobacco, Puccoon, Peak, or some other valuable thing, that they happen to have about there, to intreat the Spirit presiding there, to grant them a safe passage. It is call'd a Fresh, when after very great Rains, or (as we suppose) after a great Thaw of the Snow and Ice lying upon the Mountains Page 43 to the North West, the Water descends, in such abundance into the Rivers, that they overflow the Banks which bound their Streams at other times.

参照

語源 2

1848, US slang, probably from German frech (“impudent, cheeky, insolent”), from Middle High German vrech (“bold, brave, lively”), from Old High German freh (“greedy, eager, avaricious, covetous”), from Proto-Germanic *frekaz (“greedy, outrageous, courageous, capable, active”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pereg- (“to be quick, twitch, sprinkle, splash”). Cognate with 古期英語 frec (“greedy; eager, bold, daring; dangerous”) and Danish fræk (“naughty”). More at freak.

形容詞

fresh (comparative fresher, superlative freshest)

1. Rude, cheeky, or inappropriate; presumptuous; disrespectful; forward.

   No one liked his fresh comments.

2. Sexually aggressive or forward; prone to caress too eagerly; overly flirtatious.

   Hey, don't get fresh with me!

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:cheeky

派生語

アナグラム

• Fehrs