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「stale」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 87件
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Wiktionary英語版での「stale」の意味 |
stale
語源 1
From Middle English stale, of uncertain etymology, but probably originally from Proto-Germanic *stāną (“to stand”): compare West Flemish stel in the same sense for ‘beer’ and ‘urine’.[1]
形容詞
stale (comparative staler, superlative stalest)
- (alcoholic beverages, obsolete) Clear, free of dregs and lees; old and strong.
- 1637, John Taylor, The Famovs Historie of the most part of Drinks, in use now in the Kingdomes of Great Brittaine and Ireland:
- The stronger Beere is divided into two parts ( viz.) mild and stale; the first may ease a man of a drought, but the later is like water cast into a Smiths forge, and breeds more heartburning, and as rust eates into Iron, so overstale Beere gnawes auletholes in the entrales, or else my skill failes, and what I have written of it is to be held as a jest.
- No longer fresh, in reference to food, urine, straw, wounds, etc.
- 1530, John Palsgrave, L'éclaircissement de la langue française, 325 2:
- c. 1550, Wyll of Deuill, C 2 b:
- 2012, Stephen Woodworth, In Golden Blood: Number 3 in series
- To her surprise, Abe did not come to collect her for the usual morning inhabitation session with Azure. She did not see him until almost noon, when he personally delivered lunch to her tent. Another stale roll and cup of water sat on the tray he carried. Abe hung his head, as abashed as Honorato had been. “This is all I could sneak in for now. I'll try to get more later.”
- No longer fresh, new, or interesting, in reference to ideas and immaterial things; cliche, hackneyed, dated.
- 1562, in J. Heywood, Proverbs & Epigrams (1867), 95:
- 1579, in G. Harvey, letter book, 60:
- 1822 March, Charles Lamb, London Magazine, 284 1:
- 2002, Mark Lawson, And They Rose Up: Days of Retribution
- Rick would comment on the fact that he'd never had such bad coffee, not even the mud at his precinct. Mark would tell him to quit with the stale joke, already
- (obsolete) No longer nubile or suitable for marriage, in reference to people; past one's prime.
- (in general) Not new or recent; having been in place or in effect for some time.
- 2014, David L. Hough, Street Strategies for Motorcyclists
- In most states, you can be ticketed for failing to clear the intersection, even if you are hemmed in by traffic. One good clue to a stale green light is the pedestrian signal.
- 2014, David L. Hough, Street Strategies for Motorcyclists
- (agriculture, obsolete) Fallow, in reference to land.
- (law) Unreasonably long in coming, in reference to claims and actions.
- Worn out, particularly due to age or over-exertion, in reference to athletes and animals in competition.
- (finance) Out of date, unpaid for an unreasonable amount of time, particularly in reference to checks.
- 1901, Business Terms & Phrases second edition, 199:
- Stale cheque,...a cheque which has remained unpaid for some considerable time.
- 1901, Business Terms & Phrases second edition, 199:
- (computing) Of data: out of date; not synchronized with the newest copy.
使用する際の注意点
In the sense regarding food, usually (but not always) pejorative and synonymous with gone bad and turned. In reference to mead, wine, and bread, it can describe an acceptable or desired state (see crouton). In modern English, however, "stale beer" has been light struck, flat, or oxidized and is to be avoided.
同意語
反意語
派生語
- stale-dated
- stale drunk
- stale-grown
- stale-mouthed
- stale-smelling
- stale-worn
関連する語
名詞
- (colloquial) Something stale; a loaf of bread or the like that is no longer fresh.
- 1874, Thomas Hardy, Far from the Madding Crowd, II iii 39:
- 1937, George Orwell, Road to Wigan Pier, I i 15:
動詞
stale (三人称単数 現在形 stales, 現在分詞 staling, 過去形および過去分詞形 staled)
- (of alcohol, obsolete, transitive) To make stale; to age in order to clear and strengthen (a drink, especially beer).
- (transitive) To make stale; to cause to go out of fashion or currency; to diminish the novelty or interest of, particularly by excessive exposure or consumption.
- 1601, Ben Jonson, Fountaine of Self-love, 36:
- 1598, Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Humour. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Ben Jonson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, OCLC 960101342, Act I, scene iv:
- 1863, W. W. Story, Roba di Roma, I i 7:
- (intransitive) To become stale; to grow odious from excessive exposure or consumption.
- 1717, E. Erskine, Serm. in Wks., 50 1:
- 1893, "Q", Delectable Duchy, 325:
- Philanthropy was beginning to stale.
- 1990, Stephen King, The Moving Finger
- (alcoholic beverages, intransitive) To become stale; to grow unpleasant from age.
派生語
語源 2
From Middle English stale, from 古期英語 stalu, from Proto-Germanic *stal-; compare English stell from this root. The development was paralleled by the ablaut which became English steal, from Middle English stele, from 古期英語 stela, from Proto-Germanic *stel-. Both are from the same Proto-Indo-European root *stel-, *stol- (“to place, establish”),[2] whence also Ancient Greek στελεός (steleós, “handle”). See also English stele.
名詞
- A long, thin handle (of rakes, axes, etc.)
- (dialectal) One of the posts or uprights of a ladder.
- 1887, W. D. Parish & al., Kentish Dial.
- 1891, T. E. Smith, The Nova Scotia Fruit Grower, page 72:
- Fruit ladders should be provided beforehand. They differ from the ordinary ladder by having the bottom rungs a little longer and the top of the side stales meeting together so is to rest in the fork of a limb.
- 1971, Research Paper - Issues 141-155, page 7:
- The zigzag determines the order of the currents from [1] which occur on the stales of the ladder and their relation with the currents from [0] which occur on the rungs and ringles between them.
- One of the rungs on a ladder.
- 1792, Thomas Paine, A Rod in Brine, or a tickler for T. Paine, page 16:
- To begin then: not long before this paragraph was written, P fell into doze, and dreamt, he saw Jacob's ladder with one foot standing on the earth, the other reaching up into heaven. Dukes, Marquisses, and other Peers, fancy represented to him, as standing on the upper stales; on the middle ones, Knights and Baronets, and under them, a train of Esquires and Gentlemen, reaching to the bottom.
- 1834, Joseph Adshead, A Circumstantial Narrative of the Wreck of the Rothsay, page 236:
- Mr. Marsden managed, by dint of swimming, to come in contact with the form, to which hemself and friend had previously fixed the cord and thrown overboard; but this, from its shape, would have proved, in all probability, but a doubtful means of escape, had he not, after a time, fallen in with a small ladder, which he affixed with the cord to the form, placing his leg between the stales, and resting his body, sometimes at full length, when the breakers had fallen on the form.
- 1914, Archaeologia Cantiana - Volume 30, page 173:
- The rental of the lands remained at these figures for many years, and the following extracts are examples of the payments made:— A.D. 1686, Utt, pd Thomas Rassel for a load of lime delivered to Smalhith Chappell 01₤ 11s. 0d. Itt . for a quire of paper 00₤ 00s. 06d. Itt . for a ladder for the use of the Chappel 33 stales long , at 2d ye stale 00₤ 05s. 6d.
- 2014, Matthew Engel, Engel's England: Thirty-nine counties, one capital and one man:
- (botany, obsolete) The stem of a plant.
- The shaft of an arrow, spear, etc.
別の表記
同意語
動詞
語源 3
From Middle English stale, from Old French estal (“place, something placed”) (compare French étal), from Frankish stal,[3] from Proto-Germanic *stallaz, earlier *staþlaz. Related to stall and stand.
名詞
- (military, obsolete) A fixed position, particularly a soldier's in a battle-line.
- 1550, Edward Halle, The Vnion of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and Yorke:
- Wherefore they had a great avauntage, but in coclusion thie french menne were slayne, and their horses taken, and so the lyght horsement came wyth their catail, nere to the embushment, and the frenchimen folowed, that seyng the englyshmen that kept the stale, came in al hast & rescued their light horsemen, and draue the frenchemen backe, & then made returne to their beastes
- 1808, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland, page 580:
- All these in great hast came to Newnam bridge, where they found other Englishmen that had woone the bridge of the Frenchmen, and so all togither set foward to assaile the Frenchmen that kept the stale, and tarie till the residue of their companie which were gone a forraging vnto Calis walles were come: for the other that had spoiled the marishes were returned with a great bootie.
- (chess, uncommon) A stalemate; a stalemated game.
- (military, obsolete) An ambush.
- (obsolete) A band of armed men or hunters.
- (Scotland, military, obsolete) The main force of an army.
- 1532 in 1836, State Papers Henry VIII, IV 626:
派生語
形容詞
stale (not comparable)
動詞
stale (三人称単数 現在形 stales, 現在分詞 staling, 過去形および過去分詞形 staled)
- (chess, uncommon, transitive) To stalemate.
- (chess, obsolete, intransitive) To be stalemated.
語源 4
Noun from Middle English stale, from Anglo-Norman estal (“urine”). 動詞 from Middle English stalen, from Old French estaler (“urinate”), related to Middle High German stallen (“to piss”).[4]
名詞
stale (uncountable)
- (livestock, obsolete) Urine, especially used of horses and cattle.
上位語
派生語
動詞
stale (三人称単数 現在形 stales, 現在分詞 staling, 過去形および過去分詞形 staled)
- (livestock, obsolete, intransitive) To urinate, especially used of horses and cattle.
- 15th century, Lawis Gild, X in Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland, 68:
- 1530, John Palsgrave, L'éclaircissement de la langue française, 732 1:
- Template:RQ:Jonson Bartholmew Fayre
- 1663, T. Killigrew, Parson's Wedding, I iii:
- 1903, Rudyard Kipling, Five Nations, 150:
- c. 1920, Aleister Crowley, "Leigh Sublime":
- 1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin 2013, page 35:
使用する際の注意点
Occasionally transitive, when in reference to horses or men pissing blood.
上位語
参考
語源 5
From Middle English stale (“bird used as a decoy”), probably from uncommon Anglo-Norman estale (“pigeon used to lure hawks”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic, probably *standaną (“to stand”). Compare 古期英語 stælhran (“decoy reindeer”) and Northumbrian stællo (“catching fish”).[5]
名詞
- (falconry, hunting, obsolete) A live bird to lure birds of prey or others of its kind into a trap.
- (obsolete) Any lure, particularly in reference to people used as live bait.
- c. 1529, "The Tunnyng of Elynour Rummyng", 324, in John Skelton, Certayne Bokes:
- 1577, Raphael Holinshed, Chronicles, "The Historie of England, from the Time that It Was First Inhabited, Vntill the Time that It Was Last Conquered", 79 2:
- 1615, George Sandys, A Relation of a Iourney begun An: Dom: 1610, I 66:
- 1670, J. Eachard, Grounds Contempt of Clergy, 88:
- (crime, obsolete) An accomplice of a thief or criminal acting as bait.
- (obsolete) a partner whose beloved abandons or torments him in favor of another.
- (obsolete) A patsy, a pawn, someone used under some false pretext to forward another's (usu. sinister) designs; a stalking horse.
- (crime, obsolete) A prostitute of the lowest sort; any wanton woman.
- 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii], line 23:
- Spare not to tell him, that he hath wronged his honor in marrying the renowned Claudio...to a contaminated stale.
- 1606, S. Daniel, Queenes Arcadia, II i:
- c. 1641, Ralph Montagu, Acts & Monuments, 265:
- ...detesting as he said the insatiable impudency of a prostitute Stale.
- (hunting, obsolete) Any decoy, either stuffed or manufactured.
動詞
参照
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "Stale, adj. 1" & "n. 7".
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "Stale, n. 2" & "v. 4".
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "Stale, n. 4", "n. 6", "v. 3", and "adj. 2".
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "Stale, n. 5" and "v. 1".
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "Stale, n. 3" & "v. 5".
ウィキペディア英語版での「stale」の意味 |
Stale
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/01/10 15:02 UTC 版)
「stale」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 87件
the stale water that accumulates at the base of the hold of a shipping vessel発音を聞く例文帳に追加
船底にたまった水 - EDR日英対訳辞書
a condition in which fish appear to be fresh although they are actually stale発音を聞く例文帳に追加
魚などが新鮮なようにみえて実は腐っていること - EDR日英対訳辞書
the condition of a place having a stale smell発音を聞く例文帳に追加
埃が多いような匂いがするさま - EDR日英対訳辞書
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