shut downとは 意味・読み方・使い方

使用する際の注意点

Phrasal verbs with the particles down and up tend to connote a process that takes a span of time and contains multiple steps, whereas those with the particles off and on tend to connote an event that happens instantly, in a point of time. This nuance of cognitive schema is merely connotative, not denotative or rigorous, and therefore the phrasal verbs shut down and power down are broadly synonymous with shut off, power off, and turn off, as well as stop and kill. However, the fact that turning a computer on or off requires booting and unwinding, which are multistep processes (albeit black boxes to the user in modern operating systems), influenced the origins of power management commands such as shut down rather than turn off or switch off. Similarly, power plants and ship engines are fired up and shut down, and not so much turned on and switched off, in idiomatic usage. Nonetheless, any process (no matter how complex) can be triggered with a single command, which is why an executive officer or legislature can simply kill a multi-billion-dollar government program, or a laptop user can simply switch off their computer, even if the program takes a while to wind down.

同意語

• close down
• power down
• power off
• shut off
• turn off
• wind down

派生語

• shutdown

名詞

shutdown (複数形 shutdowns)

1. The action of stopping operations; a closing, of a computer, business, event, etc.

   You need to enter your password at startup, but it's not required at shutdown.

   There is a plastic molly-guard covering the escalator's shutdown button to prevent little kids from pushing it and stopping the escalator.

2. A statement, insult, etc. that prevents the opponent from replying further.

   When he insulted me, my reply was such a shutdown that he left the room.

3. (psychology) An autistic response to stress or sensory overload, in which the individual freezes up and becomes silent, motionless, and unresponsive.
   • 2018, Laura James, Odd Girl Out: My Extraordinary Autistic Life, unnumbered page:

     I retreated into myself and allowed myself to be swallowed into a typically autistic shutdown.

   • 2020, Siena Castellon, The Spectrum Girl's Survival Guide: How to Grow Up Awesome and Autistic, page 34:

     I may even reach the point where I have an autistic shutdown, which means I'll be unable to communicate, interact or socialize.

   • 2021, Carly Jones, Safeguarding Autistic Girls: Strategies for Professionals, pages 61-62:

     Their [autistic girls'] distress could come out in all sorts of ways and result in meltdown or shutdown.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:shutdown.

同意語

• (act of stopping operations): shuttering

反意語

• startup

派生語

• government shutdown

等位語

• shutoff (noun)

関連する語

• shut down (verb)
• shut off (verb)

派生した語

• → Japanese: シャットダウン (shattodaun)
• → Russian: шатда́ун (šatdáun)

Further reading

• “shutdown”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• “shutdown”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
• “shutdown”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “shutdown” in the Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.