recoverとは意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English recoveren, rekeveren, from Anglo-Norman recoverer and Old French recovrer, from Latin recuperāre, from earlier reciperāre. Doublet of recuperate and recoup.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈkʌvə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/
• Rhymes: -ʌvə(ɹ)

動詞

recover (三人称単数 現在形 recovers, 現在分詞 recovering, 過去形および過去分詞形 recovered)

1. (transitive) To get back, to regain (a physical thing; in astronomy かつ navigation, sight of a thing または a signal).

   After days of inquiries, he finally recovered his lost wallet.

   For days telescopes surveyed the skies to recover the small asteroid.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Samuel 30:18, column 1:

     And Dauid recouered all that the Amalekites had caried away: and Dauid reſcued his two wiues.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:

     Not unnaturally, “Auntie” took this communication in bad part. Thus outraged, she showed herself to be a bold as well as a furious virago. Next day she found her way to their lodgings and tried to recover her ward by the hair of the head.

2. (transitive) to salvage, to extricate, to rescue (a thing または person)

   They recovered three of the explorers very much alive, then another, wracked with severe hypothermia, who was taken to hospital.

   • 2020 August 26, “Network News: Mid-September before line reopens, says Network Rail”, in Rail, page 10:

     Network Rail doesn't expect the line through Carmont to open for around a month, as it faces the mammoth task of recovering the two power cars and four coaches from ScotRail's wrecked train, repairing bridge 325, stabilising earthworks around the landslip, and replacing the track.

3. (transitive) To replenish to, resume (a good state of mind または body).

   At the top of the hill I asked to stop for a few minutes to recover my strength.

4. (intransitive, law) To obtain a positive judgement; to win in a lawsuit.

   The plaintiff recovered in his suit, being awarded declaratory relief and a clearing of his name.

5. (transitive, law) To gain as compensation or reparation, usually by formal legal process

   to recover damages in trespass; to recover debt and costs in a legal action or that is owing

   to recover lands in ejectment or common recovery

6. (transitive, obsolete) To reach (a place), arrive at.
   • c. 1590–1591, William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:

     The forest is not three leagues off; / If we recover that, we're sure enough.

   • 1639, Thomas Fuller, “Theobald King of Navarre Maketh an Unsuccessfull Voyage into Palestine”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], OCLC 913016526, book IV, page 179:

     But with much ado the Christians recovered to Antioch, having ſcarce a third part of them left, their horſes all dead, and themſelves ſcarce mounted on their legs, miſerably weak; as what the mercy of ſword, plague, and famine had pleaſed to ſpare.

   • 1646, John Hales, Golden Remains of the Ever Memorable Mr. John Hales

     Except he could recover one of the Cities of Refuge he was to die.

7. (transitive, archaic) To restore to good health, consciousness, life etc.
   • 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     The wine in my bottle will recover him.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 2 Timothy 2:26, column 2:

     And that they may recouer themſelues out of the ſnare of the deuill, who are taken captiue by him at his will.

   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970:

     Cnelius a physician […] gave him a clyster, by which he was speedily recovered.

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, OCLC 1167497017:

     The fever must have run its course by now, and if he is about to die I will recover him.

8. (transitive, archaic) To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of.

   to recover lost time

   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation

     Even good men have […] many failings and lapses to lament and recover.

   • 21 May, 1665, Abraham Cowley, letter to Dr. Thomas Sprat

     I do hope to recover my late hurt.

   • 1719 April 25​, [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], 3rd edition, London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], published 1719, OCLC 838630407:

     when I had recovered a little, Friday (said I) God will at last punish him severely

9. (intransitive) To regain one's composure, balance etc.

   Spinning round, he caught a stone with his ankle, but recovered quickly before turning to face me.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, OCLC 483591931:

     Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.

10. (intransitive, followed by "from" to show what caused the bad feeling) To get better, to regain health or prosperity.

    I was hurt, but I knew I’d recover, given time.

    Without calling in Business Recovery experts, the company saw trade and investor confidence recover sharply in the wake of the crisis.

    I lost out in the deal, but I quickly recovered financially

    It takes time and good health to recover from injury, surgery, a bereavement and emotional turmoil

    • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 67:

      My trip along the rest of the line is delightful. It's yet another route that has recovered from previous rationalisation by having tracks and platforms reinstated in recent years.

11. (transitive, archaic, without "from") to recover from

    To the end of his days, he never fully recovered his daughter's death.

関連する語

• recovery

名詞

recover (複数形 recovers)

1. (obsolete) Recovery. [14^th-17^thc.]
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xiiij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XX:

     It was neuer in my thoughte saide laūcelot to withholde the quene from my lord Arthur / but in soo moche she shold haue ben dede for my sake / me semeth it was my parte to saue her lyf and putte her from that daunger tyl better recouer myghte come / & now I thanke god sayd sir Launcelot that the pope hath made her pees

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

語源

re- +‎ cover

動詞

re-cover (三人称単数 現在形 re-covers, 現在分詞 re-covering, 過去形および過去分詞形 re-covered)

1. To cover again.
   • 2019 October 23, Pip Dunn, “The next king of Scotland”, in Rail, page 51:

     The seats are the same type as fitted to the FGW sets. It's worth remembering that refurbishment of the First Class seats by FGW a few years previously was excellent (if you like leather seats). I assume they have been re-covered in this latest refurbishment.

使用する際の注意点

The use of a hyphen is preferred to avoid confusion with the other meanings of recover.

参照

• “re-cover” in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press.

アナグラム

• coverer, recovre