Flightとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: flīt, IPA: /flaɪt/
• 韻: -aɪt

語源 1

From 中期英語 flight, from 古期英語 flyht (“flight”), from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti (“flight”), derived from *fleuganą (“to fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”), enlargement of *plew- (“flow”). Analyzable as fly +‎ -t (variant of -th).

Cognate with West Frisian flecht (“flight”), Dutch vlucht (“flight”), German Flucht (“flight”) (etymology 2).

名詞

flight (countable and uncountable, plural flights)

1. The act of flying.

   Most birds are capable of flight.

2. An instance of flying.

   The migrating birds' flight took them to Africa.

3. (collective) A collective term for doves or swallows.

   a flight of swallows

4. A trip made by an aircraft, particularly one between two cities or countries, which is often planned or reserved in advance.

   The flight to Paris leaves at 7 o'clock tonight.

   Where is the departure gate for flight 747? / Go straight down and to the right.

   He is taking the 5 o' clock flight to London in the morning.

5. A series of stairs between landings.
   • 1958 May, W. J. South and L. Hyland, “Limerick as a Railway Centre”, in Railway Magazine, page 297:

     Limerick terminus has changed but little since its opening, and travellers still ascend the same flight of steps from the forecourt to enter the handsome two-storey stone building, which contains the offices and a recently-modernised refreshment room.

   • 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 84:

     She crept up the stairs [...] On she went, across the landing, from which sprang the tall window, and up the next flight until she reached the top.

6. A group of canal locks with a short distance between them
7. A floor which is reached by stairs or escalators.

   How many flights is it up?

8. The feathers on an arrow or dart used to help it follow an even path.
   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 164:

     Baſſ. In my ſchoole dayes, when I had loſt one ſhaft / I ſhot his fellow of the ſelfeſame flight / The ſelfeſame way, with more aduiſed watch / To finde the other forth, and by aduenturing both, / I oft found both. I vrge this child-hoode proofe, […]

9. A paper airplane. (Can we add an example for this sense? )
10. (cricket) The movement of a spinning ball through the air, with its speed, trajectory and drift.
11. The ballistic trajectory of an arrow or other projectile.
12. An aerodynamic surface designed to guide such a projectile's trajectory.
13. An air force unit.
14. (US, naval) A numbered subclass of a given class of warship, denoting incremental modernizations to the original design.
15. Several sample glasses of a specific wine varietal or other beverage. The pours are smaller than a full glass and the flight will generally include three to five different samples.
16. (by extension) A comparable sample of beers or other drinks.
17. (engineering) The shaped material forming the thread of a screw.
18. An episode of imaginative thinking or dreaming.

    a flight of fancy; a flight of the imagination

19. (advertising, broadcasting) An advertising campaign of fixed length.
    • 2006, Pat Fallon, Fred Senn, Juicing the Orange, page 34:

      After the first eight-week flight of advertising, the tracking research showed that consumers' predisposition to use Citi as a financial services provider jumped 50 percent.

下位語

派生語

関連する語

形容詞

flight (comparative more flight, superlative most flight)

1. (obsolete) Fast, swift, fleet.

動詞

flight (third-person singular simple present flights, present participle flighting, simple past and past participle flighted)

1. (cricket, of a spin bowler) To throw the ball in such a way that it has more airtime and more spin than usual.
2. (sports, by extension, transitive) To throw or kick something so as to send it flying with more loft or airtime than usual.
   • 2017 March 14, Stuart James, “Leicester stun Sevilla to reach last eight after Kasper Schmeichel save”, in the Guardian‎:

     Riyad Mahrez flighted the free-kick that followed to the far post and Morgan, with not much finesse but plenty of desire, bundled the ball over the line. Cue pandemonium in the stands.

参考

Appendix:English collective nouns

語源 2

From 中期英語, from 古期英語 flyht, from Proto-West Germanic *fluhti, derived from *fleuhaną (“to flee”). Analyzable as flee +‎ -t (variant of -th). Cognate with Dutch vlucht, German Flucht (etymology 1).

名詞

flight (countable and uncountable, plural flights)

1. The act of fleeing.

   take flight

   the flight of a refugee

   • 1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 1:

     Awake! for Morning in the Bowl of Night,
     Has flung the Stone that puts the Stars to Flight:
     And Lo! the Hunter of the East has caught
     The Sultán's Turret in a Noose of light.

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

     But the sight of her eyes was not a thing to forget. John Dodds said they were the een of a deer with the Devil ahint them; and indeed, they would so appal an onlooker that a sudden unreasoning terror came into his heart, while his feet would impel him to flight.

派生語

• black flight
• capital flight
• fight-or-flight
• white flight

関連する語

• flee

語源

Inherited from 古期英語 flyht.

名詞

flight (plural flights)

1. flight (act of flying)

派生した語

• English: flight
• Scots: flycht, flicht