英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Old French duc, from Latin dux.

発音

• IPA: /diu̯k/, /duk/

名詞

duk (plural dukes)

1. leader, guide, boss
2. commander, general
3. noble, lord (especially of high rank)
   • c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “Paſſus xvııȷ᷒ ⁊c et ııȷ᷒ de Dobet”, in [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin] (W, B-text), London, published c. 1400, →OCLC, folio 113, verso; republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan, editors, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17 (The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive; 2), SEENET, 2014, →ISBN:

     Dukes of þis dymme place. anoon vndo þıſe yates / That crıſt may come In. þe kynges ſone of heuene

     Lords of this dark place, open these gates straight away, / so Christ, the King of Heaven's son, can come in.

4. duke (rank of nobility)
   • p. 1154, “AD 1129”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 87, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 8 February 2018:

     ſe an ƿæſ ᵹehaten petruſ · he ƿæſ munec of clunni ·⁊ ƿeaſ boren of þa ricceſte men of rome · mid him helden ða of rome ·⁊ ſe duc of ſicilie ·

     One was called Peter; he was a monk from Cluny who was descended from Rome's most powerful men. The people of Rome and the duke of Sicily sided with him.

   • c. 1340 [c. 1175], Kẏng Alıſaundre (Lincoln's Inn MS. Hale 150), Shropshire, translation of Roman de toute chevalerie by Thomas de Kent (in Anglo-Norman), published c. 1400, folio 82, recto; republished as Alysaunder, London: The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn Rare Books and Manuscripts Online, 4 April 2023:

     […] ffoꝛ he hadde in pat rocher / Yloꝛe mony a counſeıler / Monẏ duẏk monẏ eoꝛl / Monẏ baroun knẏȝt sweẏn and cheoꝛl […]

     […] since he had at that cliff / lost many counsellors, / many dukes, many counts, / many barons, knights, attendants, and peasants […]

関連する語

• duche
• duchesse
• dukdom

派生した語

• English: duke
• Scots: duik, duke
• → Breton: duk
• → Cornish: duk
• → Irish: diúc
• → Manx: duic
• → Scottish Gaelic: diùc
• → Welsh: dug

参照

• “dūk, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2 April 2018.