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Weblio英和対訳辞書
Musculus
ムスクールス
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Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
musculus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/06/28 11:27 UTC 版)
語源
Unadapted borrowing from Latin mūsculus (“a little mouse; a muscle”), diminutive of mūs (“a mouse”).
発音
参照
- “musculus”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “musculus”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
語源
From mūs (“a mouse”) + -culus (diminutive suffix), literally “little mouse”. The “muscle” sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs, “mouse; muscle”), compare also Russian мы́шца (mýšca, “muscle”).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈmuːs.kʊ.ɫʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmus.ku.lus]
名詞
mūsculus m (genitive mūsculī); second declension
- (literally) diminutive of mūs: a small mouse
- (transferred sense)
- a companion of the whale
- a saltwater mussel
- (anatomy) a muscle
- (military) a shed, mantelet, shielding
- A kind of small sailing vessel.
Inflection
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | mūsculus | mūsculī |
| genitive | mūsculī | mūsculōrum |
| dative | mūsculō | mūsculīs |
| accusative | mūsculum | mūsculōs |
| ablative | mūsculō | mūsculīs |
| vocative | mūscule | mūsculī |
派生語
- *muscelliō (< *muscellus)
- Galician: mexillón
- Portuguese: mexilhão
- → Spanish: mejillón
- mūsculāris
- mūsculōsus
派生した語
- Aragonese: musclo, muscllo
- Aromanian: mushclju
- Asturian: muslu
- Catalan: muscle, musclo
- Corsican: musculu
- Italian: muscolo, moscolo
- Occitan: muscle
- Old French: moule, moucle, moulle, mouscle
- French: moule
- → Middle Dutch: mossel, mussel
- Dutch: mossel
- Romanian: mușchi
- Spanish: muslo
- → Asturian: músculu
- → Albanian: muskul, mushk
- → Catalan: múscul
- → Old Cornish: mesclen sg
- Cornish: (collective) meskel
- → Danish: muskel
- → English: musculus (learned)
- → Middle French: muscle
- French: muscle
- → Middle English: muscle
- English: muscle
- → Friulian: muscul
- → Galician: músculo
- → German: Muskel
- → Proto-West Germanic: *muskulā (see there for further descendants)
- → Portuguese: músculo
- → Romansch: muscul, muscal, muscla
- → Russian: мускул (muskul)
- → Sardinian: musculu
- → Spanish: músculo
- → Swedish: muskel
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mūs, mūris (> Derivatives > mūsculus)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 396-7
Further reading
- “musculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “musculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "musculus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- musculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “musculus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “musculus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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