英和和英

別の表記

• culūlus, culillus

語源

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܩܽܘܠܬܳܐ‎ (qulləṯā), deriving from Akkadian ������ (qulliu, “a bowl”), older Akkadian ������ (gullu, “a container”), also Akkadian �������� (gullatu, “ewer”). Doublet of gaulus (“a kind of vessel”) and of collathum (“a unit of liquid measure used in Syria”) via Ancient Greek κόλλαθον (kóllathon, “a unit of liquid measure used in Syria”) from the same word (reborrowed as Classical Syriac ܩܘܠܐܬܘܢ /‎ ܩܘܠܬܘܢ‎ (“a unit of liquid measure”)). Also found as Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic קוּלְתָא‎ (qulləṯā), Biblical Hebrew גֻלָּה‎ (gullāh), Ugaritic ���� (gl), Eblaite ������ (GÚ-LI-LUM), Arabic قُلَّة‎ (qulla). Note that because of each locus being transmitted in all variants the exact form of the Latin cannot be known with certainty, but the meter in the Art of Poetry requires the /l/ between the first and second syllable to be ungeminated, against the Aramaic etymon and manuscripts that give ­­­⟨ll⟩ variants. The quotes that follow on this page comprise all occurrences that are attested from antiquity, that is two Horace loci with a Syria frame and a commentary to one of it with scholia. However, the word has been picked up in its variants in the Renaissance.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kuˈlul.lus/, [kʊˈɫ̪ʊlːʲʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kuˈlul.lus/, [kuˈlulːus]

名詞

culullus m (genitive culullī); second declension

1. wine jug, ewer, pitcher, jar, bumper, chalice, goblet, beaker
   • c. 19 BCE, Horace, Ars Poetica 434–436:

     reges dicuntur multis urgere culullis
     et torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborent,
     an sit amicitia dignus.

     Kings are said to ply with many bumpers and test with unmixed wine whom to deem worthy of their friendship.

   • 23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horace, Odes I.31.9–13:

     premant Calena falce quibus dedit
     Fortuna vitem, dives ut aureis
     mercator exsiccet culullis
     vina Syra reparata merce

     Those to whom Fortuna has given it shall trim the vine with the Calenian pruning-knife so that the rich trader may drain from golden jugs the wine for which he barters Syrian wares

   • ?, Pseudo-Acro, Commentarii in Q. Horatium Flaccum, in Carmen I.31.11:

     Culillis. Poculis; proprie autem culilli calices dicuntur fictiles, quibus pontifices virgines Vestales utebantur. Hic autem pro urceolis et conchis posuit.

     Bumpers. Beakers; in proper usage bumpers are earthen chalices which the Vestal virgin priests use. Here it is posited for mugs or goblets.